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Theory of Evolution

QuestionAnswer
What two scientist actually formulated a theory as to how the many species could have arisen? Alfred Russell Wallace and Charles Darwin
What book did Darwin publish that had his idea to the fullest extent? On the Origin of Species
What do we know this theory as today? The theory of evolution by natural selection.
Did Darwin show how evolution could happen? Yes
Natural selection The process by which organisms with traits well suited to an environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate than organisms less suited to that environment
What are the four way natural selection can occur? Overproduction, genetic variation, struggle to survive, successful reproduction.
What is overproduction It's where a species produces more offspring than will survive to maturity.
What is genetic variation? It's where the individuals within the specie's population are all genetically slightly different from each other.
What is struggle to survive? Individuals of the population must struggle at surviving are predators and find food and shelter
What is successful reproduction Individuals that are successful at surviving are able to reproduce and on their genes to their offspring
What are the four things that natural selection results in? Diversity, adaptation, speciation, and ectinction
Biodiversity diversity creates stability in ecosystems and biomes
Selective breeding breeding of organisms that have a certain desired
Genetic engineering manipulation of genes that allows scientists to put genes from one organism into another organism
Adaptation structures and behaviors for finding food, for protection, and for moving from place to place.
What are the three steps that occurs in speciation? Separation, adaptation, and division
What is separation? different groups of the same species become isolated from one another
What is adaptation? the groups adapt to different environments
What is division over a long period of time, the divided groups evolve into different species that are no longer able to breed with one another
Extinction occurs when environmental changes and adaptive characteristics are insufficient to permit survival
Was the earths original atmosphere anaerobic or aerobic? Anaerobic
The fossil record indicates that Earth's first inhabitants were ____________ prokaryotes
Fossils are the main tool used by... scientists to study the history of life on Earth.
Fossils The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, preserved in sedimentary or metamorphic rock
Index fossil A fossil of an organism that lived during a relatively short, well-defined time span
Relative dating Where index fossils are used to date a rock layer and the other fossils in the rocks layer
Absolute dating method of determining the age of an object or event in years, usually by measuring the amount of radioactive isotopes in the sample
Radiometric dating Method of determining the age of an object by estimating the relative percentages or a radioactive isotope and a stable isotope.
Half-life the time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to disintegrate by radioactive decay or by natural processes
Created by: brittanykremer
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