process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars

the first stage of photosynthesis during which energy from light is used for the production of ATP and NADPH

The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.

A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy into chemical energy.

first step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid

the process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen

process that does not require oxygen

organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated

pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing

the molecules that carry energy from light to the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis

Similar structure to ATP but has only 2 phosphate groups. Partly charged

green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

the organic molecule that stores light energy at the end of photosynthesis and is a reactant in cellular respiration

the reactant in the light reaction that is broken down to produce oxygen gas as a waste product

organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer

18. cellular respiration

process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen: made up of glycosis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain

the process by which organisms keep their internal environment relatively stable

20. dynamic equilibrium

the small and steady changes that keep an organism within a range of homeostasis.

21. negative feedback

feedback in which an increase in the stimulus tends to decrease the output.

22. positive feedback

Feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output.

molecules at the end of a chemical reaction

molecules at the beginning of a chemical reaction

the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move

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6

Photosynthesis & Respiration

Question	Answer
1. photosynthesis	process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
2. Calvin cycle	reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars
3. light reaction	the first stage of photosynthesis during which energy from light is used for the production of ATP and NADPH
4. stroma	The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
5. thylakoid	A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy into chemical energy.
6. glycolysis	first step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
7. fermentation	the process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen
8. anaerobic	process that does not require oxygen
9. mitochondrion	organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated
10. guard cell	pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing
11. NADPH and ATP	the molecules that carry energy from light to the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis
12. ADP	Similar structure to ATP but has only 2 phosphate groups. Partly charged
13. chlorophyll	green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis
14. glucose	the organic molecule that stores light energy at the end of photosynthesis and is a reactant in cellular respiration
15. water	the reactant in the light reaction that is broken down to produce oxygen gas as a waste product
16. chloroplast	organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
17. autotroph	organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
18. cellular respiration	process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen: made up of glycosis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
19. homeostasis	the process by which organisms keep their internal environment relatively stable
20. dynamic equilibrium	the small and steady changes that keep an organism within a range of homeostasis.
21. negative feedback	feedback in which an increase in the stimulus tends to decrease the output.
22. positive feedback	Feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output.
23. product	molecules at the end of a chemical reaction
24. reactants	molecules at the beginning of a chemical reaction
25. stomata	the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move

Created by: kyliew2014

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