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Inheritance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chromosomes | cell structure that carries the genetic material |
| crossing over | exchange of genetic materia by non-sister chromatidsduring late prophase I of meiosis , resulting in new combinations of alleles. |
| daughter cell | a cell formed by the division or budding of another cell |
| diploid | an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number |
| fertilization | making fertile as by applying fertilizer or manure |
| gametes | male and female sex cells, sperm and eggs |
| genes | a segment of DNA located on te chromosome; directs the protein production that controls the cell cycle |
| haploid | an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes |
| meiosis | cell division in which one diploid (2n), cell produces 4 haploid(n), cells called sex cells or gametes, which have half the number of chromosomes as body cell of the parent. |
| parent cell | cell that produces the offspring |
| replication | the repeating of an experiment under the original conditions. the process by which genetic material duplicates itself, a duplication or copy. |
| variation | the degree to which something varies; amount of change or difference. , an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration |
| zygote | the cell resulting from the union of an ovum and a spermatozoon (including the organism that develops from that cell) |
| albinism | the congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair |
| allele | one of two alternate forms of a gene that can have the same locus on homologous chromosomes and are responsible for alternative traits |
| dominant | observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait |
| Down's syndrome | mental retardation associated with extra copy of chromosome 21 |
| genotype | the particular alleles at specified loci present in an organism |
| hereditary | adj. passing, or capable of passing, naturally from parent to offspring through the genes |
| heterozygous | having dissimilar alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci |
| homozygous | having identical alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci |
| inherit | to have a trait passed on from parents |
| probability | The likelihood that a specific event will occur. |
| Punnett Square | a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
| recessive | of genes |
Created by:
matthewphillips
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