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Chapter 8 Barnes

Vocabulary Words Ch8 Changes to Earth

QuestionAnswer
Pangaea A supercontinent that included all of the landmasses on Earth.
inner core A solid sphere of metal, mainly nickel and iron, at Earth’s center
continental drift The hypothesis that Earth’s continents move on Earth’s surface.
lithosphere The layer of Earth made up of the crust and the rigid rock of the upper mantle.
subduction The process by which an oceanic tectonic plate sinks under another plate into Earth’s mantle.
mid-ocean ridges A long line of sea-floor mountains where new ocean crust is formed by volcanic activity.
crust A thin layer of cool rock that surrounds Earth like a shell.
tectonic plates Large slabs of broken rock in the lithosphere that commonly carry oceanic and continental crust.
outer core A layer of molten metal, mainly nickel and iron, that surrounds Earth’s inner core.
divergent boundary Occurs where plates move apart. Most are found in the ocean.
asthenosphere The layer of hotter, softer rock in the upper mantle.
convection current A circulation pattern in which material is heated and rises in one area, then cools and sinks in another area, flowing in a continuous loop.
transform boundary Occurs where plates scrape past each other and crust is neither formed nor destroyed.
mantle The layer of rock between Earth’s outer core and crust. It is Earth’s thickest layer.
convergent boundary Occurs when plates push together.
Created by: dbarnes
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