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Inheritance

QuestionAnswer
inheritance (genetics) attributes acquired via biological heredity from the parents
phenotype physical characteristics of an organism, including physiology
genotype genetic makeup of an organism
loci location of a gene on a chromosome
monohybrid cross a cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits
alleles different forms of a gene
dominant allele an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present
recessive allele is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present
Punnet squares a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
mendel's Principle of segregation the two alleles for a character seperate during the formation of gametes, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each character; the fusion of gametes at fertilization creates allele pairs again
homologous chromosomes Chromosomes with matching information
homozygous condition two genes in a specific pair are the same
heterozygous having two different alleles for a trait
fertilization to produce a new cell
dihybrid cross having two different alleles for a trait
dihybrid cross a cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene
dependent assortment Alleles of different genes stay together when gametes form
independent assortment the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes
genetics the scientific study of heredity
trait a specific characteristic, such as seed color or plant height.
mendal's principle of independent assortment The segrigation of one pair of alleles is independent of the segregation of the second pair of alleles.
rule of multiplication A statistical rule stating that the probability of two independent events occuring together is the product of their individual probabilities.
rule of addition A statistical rule stating that the probability of either of two indpendent (and mutually exclusive) events ocuring is the sum of their individual probabilities minus the probability of them both occuring together.
pedigrees a chart that shows a trait in a family and how it is inherited
genetic disorders diseases or disabling conditions that have a genetic basis
Created by: MahaylaCoomer
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