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PhotoSyn & Resp
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heterotrophs | An organism that gets its energy (organic food molecules) by consuming other organisms. |
| Glycolysis | The splitting if glucose into pyruvate. The one metabolic that occurs in all living cells, serving as the starting point for fermentation or aerobic respiration |
| Active Transport | The diffusion of molecules through a membrane from a low concentration to a high concentration with the help of energy (ATP) |
| Chloroplast | Chlorophyll-containing organelle found in algal and green plant cells. |
| Cilia | Minute hairlike organelles, identical in structure to flagella, that line the surfaces of certain cells and beat in rhythmic waves, providing locomotion to ciliate protozoans and moving liquids along internal epithelial tissue in animals. |
| Cofactor | Any of various organic or inorganic substances necessary to the function of an enzyme. |
| Cohesion | The molecular attraction or joining of the surfaces of two pieces of the same substance. |
| Alcohol Fermentation | Anaerobic; Pyruvate is converted to ethanol; used for brewing and making wine |
| Peroxisome | a microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from substrates to oxygen. They produce and then degrade hydrogen peroxide |
| Phagocytosis | A type of endocytosis involving large substances; "cell eating" |
| Phospholipid | Molecules that constitute the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail |
| Phosphate group | A funtional group inportant in energy transfer. |
| lactic acid fermentation | an anaerobic form of respiration in which sugars are converted into cellular energy and lactic acid |
| light reactions | the first stage of photosynthesis, in which light energy is converted into chemical energy |
| Kreb's Cycle | A chemical cycle involving eight steps that complete the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide. Second stage in cellular respiration. |
| Exocytosis | The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fushion of vesicles with the plasma membrane. |
| cellular respiration | The series of metabolic processes by which living cells produce energy through the oxidation of organic substances |
| Stomata | any of various small apertures. One of the minute orifices or slits in the epidermis of leaves, stems, etc., through which gases are exchanged. |
| mitchondrion | A small spherical organelle, bounded by a double membrane, in the cytoplasm of most cells: contains enzymes responsible for energy production. Also knows as ATP |
| chlorophyll | The green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis, and occurs in two forms |
| photosynthesis | synthesis of complex organic molecules especially carbohydrates from carbon dioxide, water, using sunlight as the source of energy |
| Calvin Cycle | A series of reactions in the chloroplast, Where carbon dioxide is reduced to glucose with the aid of ATP and NADPH. It forms a 3 carbon sugar pyruvate. |
| Carbon Fixation | A process in which carbon dioxide is converted to a solid compound. Usually driven by photosynthesis and Carbon dioxide is converted into glucose |
| photorespiration | oxidation of carbohydrates in many higher plants in which they get oxygen from light and then release carbon dioxide |
Created by:
matthewphillips
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