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Organic Molecules

QuestionAnswer
What is a molecule? A group of atoms that is held together by covalent bonds
What is a organic molecule? If bonding occurs between two or more carbon atoms
What are macromolecules? Groups of molecules that are joined together.
What are the four main molecules of life? Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins
What are carbohydrates? Organic macromolecules that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
Carbohydrates may be what? Simple or complex
Simple carbohydrates are known as what? Monosaccharides
Examples of monosaccharides are? Sugars such as glucose, fructose, and ribose
Monosaccharides can be combined to form more complex carbohydrates known as what? Polysaccharides
What are examples of polysaccharides? Glycogen, starch, and cellulose
Cellulose is a major component found in what? Cell walls of plants
Nucleic acids are formed from what? Nucleotide monomers
Nucleotides are what? Chemical compounds
Chemical compounds are primarily made of what elements? Carbon, hydrogen,oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
What are the two main types of nucleic acids? Ribonucleic Acids (RNA) and Deoxyribonucleic Acids (DNA)
How are DNA and RNA different? Their five carbon sugars are different. DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains ribose
What is DNA function? DNA stores genetic information and encodes the sequences of all the cell's proteins
What is RNA function? RNA is involved in the direct production of proteins
Nucleic acids are also different because why? The sequence of nitrogenous bases that they contain are different
How many nitrogenous bases are there? Five
What are the five nitrogenous bases? Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil
What are the nitrogenous bases found in? Adenine, cytosine, and guanine is found both DNA and RNA. Thymine is only found in DNA and guanine is found only in RNA
What are lipids? Organic macromolecules that are insoluble in water
What are the most important lipids? Fats
Created by: rodneymcgilveary
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