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HumanBioRespiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the airflow path from nose to the blood. | Nose---Pharynx---Larynx---Trachea---Bronchi---Bronchioles---Alveoli---blood |
| Which structures are part of the Upper Respiratory Tract? | Nose, Pharynx, Larynx |
| Which structures are part of the Lower Respiratory Tract? | Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli |
| Which Respiratory Structure... creates your voice sounds? | larynx |
| Which Respiratory Structure... greatly increases the surface area for the transfer of oxygen? | alveoli sacs |
| Which Respiratory Structure... warms the air entering your body? | nose |
| Which Respiratory Structure... carries the air from the larynx to your bronchi? | trachea |
| Which Respiratory Structure... has cartilage around it? | trachea and larynx |
| Which Respiratory Structure... is where oxygen enters the blood? | alveoli |
| Which Respiratory Structure... filters and traps debris and bacteria? | nose and trachea |
| Which Respiratory Structure... has several sets of tonsils? | pharynx |
| Which Respiratory Structure... are short tubes where oxygen first enters the lungs? | bronchus Right and Left Bronchi |
| Which Respiratory Structure... is the many branching tubes inside the lungs? | bronchioles |
| What 2 purposes does the cartilage around the trachea have? | protection for the vocal chords keep the airway open |
| Epiglottis | flap of tissue that closes off the airway when we swallow |
| glottis | the OPENING for airflow in the larynx between the vocal chords |
| respiratory membrane | the junction of the thin alveoli sacs and the thin capillary O2 and CO2 goes across |
| pleura | fluid filled sac that surrounds each lung |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... inside layer | mucosa---same as digestive |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... second connective layer | submucosa---same as digestive |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... third (thickest) layer | cartilage---different than digestive which is muscularis |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... covering layer | adventitia---different than digestive which is serosa |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... how does it increase the surface area? | alveoli sacs---different than digestive which is villi |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... absorbs? | oxygen---different than digestive which is food |
| Characteristics of the Respiratory Tract... gets rid of? | CO2---different than digestive which is food waste |
| How many times a minute do you breathe? | 12-15 every 5 seconds |
| Why is the left lung smaller? | 2 lobes instead of 3 so the heart can fit in |
| Boyle's Law states INCREASED volume means... Explains how we breathe... | DECREASED pressure. in or inhale. |
| Boyle's Law states DECREASED volume means... Explains how we breath... | INCREASED pressure. out or exhale. |
| What does a relaxed diaphragm in the thoracic cavity look like? | an arch or upside down U |
| What does a contracted diaphragm in the thoracic cavity look like? | flat |
| What other muscles besides the diaphragm helps us breathe? | RIB muscles = intercostals |
| The part of the brainstem that controls respiration is called the... | medulla |
| What chemical when we have too much stimulates breathing? | CO2 |
| What chemical when we have too little stimulates breathing? | O2 |
| 500 ml of air in and out of lungs | Tidal Volume |
| Amount of air we can INSPIRE after a normal breath? | INSPIRATORY VOLUME |
| Amount of air we can EXPIRE after a normal breath? | EXPIRATORY VOLUME |
| Amount of air always in the lungs? | RESIDUAL VOLUME |
| Instrument used to evaluate lung capacity? | spirometer |
| What is Vital Capacity? | maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a maximum inhalation |
| What is the formula for Vital Capacity? | Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Volume + Expiratory Volume = 4800 ml |
| What gas moves between the lungs and blood during EXTERNAL RESPIRATION? INTO blood from lungs? | O2 |
| What gas moves between the lungs and blood during EXTERNAL RESPIRATION? OUT of blood into lungs? | CO2 |
| What gas moves between blood and cells during INTERNAL RESPIRATION? INTO cells from blood? | O2 |
| What gas moves between blood and cells during INTERNAL RESPIRATION? OUT of cells into the blood? | CO2 |
| The suffix "itis" means... | infection or inflammation |
| What disease? alveoli destroyed | emphysema |
| What disease? bacteria infection causing fluid build up in the lungs | pneumonia |
| What disease? bacteria infection causing hard scars in lungs | tuberculosis |
| What disease? bronchial tree becomes irritated and narrowed | asthma |
| What disease? abnormal tissue growths in lung due to smoking | lung cancer |
| What is EXTERNAL RESPIRATION? moving gases (O2 and CO2) between... | the lungs and blood |
| What is INTERNAL RESPIRATION? moving gases (O2 and CO2) between... | the blood and cells |
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