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Ch 20 micro

antimicrobial drugs

QuestionAnswer
chemotherapy use of drugs to treat disease
antimicrobial drugs interfere w/ the growth of microbes w/in a host (bacteriostatic)
antibiotic substance produced by a microbe that, in small amounts, inhibits another microbe
selective toxicity drug that kills harmful microbes w/o damaging the host and not a lot of side affects
Fleming Discovered penicillin (produced by penicillium - mold)
sources of bacterial antibiotics primarily streps (6types) & micromospora = Actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis & B.polymyxa = Gm(+) rods
Sources of fungal antibiotics penicillium griseofulvum & penicillium notatum Cephalosporium
Do prokaryotes have a larger spectrum for antibiotic activity or smaller? wider spectrum; many antibiotics cover an array of different species.
Do Eukaryotes have a smaller or larger spectrum or antibiotic coverage? lesser spectrum (1 antibiotic per kingdom;Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths)
Actions of antimicrobial drugs Broad spectrum - affects broad range of Gm (-)/(+);prokaryotes Narrow spectrum - only affects select group of microbes Superinfection - excessive growth or resistance Bacteriocidal - kills bacteria Bacteriostatic - prevents (inhibits) bacteria from gr
antimicrobial drugs - how do they inhibit enzyme activity (immed.bacteriocidal) cell wall synthesis (inhibits transcription) protein synthesis-inhibits translation nucleic acid synthesis-inhibits transcription & replication
antibacterial antibiotics - how do they inhibit inhibit cell wall synthesis; penicillin-most effective against gm(+)
natural penicillin can be destroyed by penicillinase produced by bacteria
semi-synthetic drugs chemically altered to be resistant to penicillinase
actions of antifungal drugs - how do they inhibit?` inhibit Ergosterol synthesis (very selective toxicity-kills microbe w
Created by: stacg32
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