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Organic Molecules

QuestionAnswer
1. Molecule A group of atoms that is held together by covalent bonds.
2. Macromolecules Groups of molecules that are joined together.
3. Organic molecule If the bonding occurs between two or more carbon atoms
4. What are the four main macromolecules of life? Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, Lipids, and Protein
5. What is the ratio of the atoms in carbohydrates? 1 carbon atom : 2 hydrogen atoms : 1 oxygen atom
6. What are complex carbohydrates known as? Polysaccharides
7. What are simple carbohydrates known as? Monosaccharides
8. What are examples of a monosaccharide? Glucose, fructose, and ribose
9. What are examples of a polysaccharide? Glycogen, starch, and cellulose
10. What are monosaccharides and polysaccahrides used for? Mono- Short term energy storage Poly- Long term energy storage
11. What are Nucleic acids formed from? Nucleotide monomers
12. What are nucleotides? They are chemical compounds that are primarily comprised of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
13. What are the two main types or nucleic acids? Ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA)
14. What are lipids? They are organic macromolecules that are insoluble in water.
15. What are the most important lipids? Fats.
16. What are the two types of fats? Saturated and unsaturated fats
17. What are proteins? They are organic macromolecules that are composed of amino acid monomers.
18. What are proteins involved in? Cell signaling, cell transport, immune responses, and the cell cycle
19. Amino Acids are made up of.. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.
20. Elements of nucleotides... Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus.
21. Di-saccharides are... Double sugars, two molecules.
22. Organic molecules are... Normally found in or produced by living systems.
23. Organic molecules consist of... Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
24. Waxes Lipid. Esters of alcohol which are insoluble in water and difficult to break down.
25. Are organic molecules essential to life? Yes.
Created by: kyliew2014
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