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Organic Molecules

QuestionAnswer
Element a substance that cannot be broken down any further into any other substance.
compound a mixture of two or more elements.
metabolism the chemical process that occurs within a living organism in order to maintain life
mixture A substance made by mixing other substances together.
solution a liquid in which a substance has been dissolved.
pH a figure expressing the acidity of a substance.
acid an element, substance or item with a pH between 1 and 6.
base an element, substance or item with a pH between 8 and 14.
molecule the smallest particle of a substance that can exist while still retaining the chemical qualities of that substance.
polymer large organic molecules
carbohydrates sugar molecules, large or small that generally occur in our food.
lipid an of an organic compound that is a fatty acid
protein large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organism's life
amino acid a simple organic compound consisting of a carboxyl and an amino group
peptide bond the primary linkage of all protein structures; the chemical bond between the carboxyl groups and amino groups that unites a peptide
enzyme a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyse to bring out a specific biochemical reaction.
nucleic acid a complex organic substance present in living cells.
nucleotide a compound consisting of a nucleioside linked to a phosphate group.
active site a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction
substrate a substance on which an enzyme acts.
Monosaccharide Single, simple sugars like glucose, fructose, and galactose
Disaccharide Two simple sugars joined together like sucrose, maltose, and lactose
Polysaccharide Chains of simple sugars from at least three up to thousands like starch, cellulose, and lignin
Fatty acids chain-like molecules, one to three are used to make up a lipid
Created by: matthewphillips
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