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Organic Molecules
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| are groups of molecules that are joined together. There are four main macromolecules of life | Macromolecules |
| A group of atoms that is held together by covalent bonds is known as a | molecule. |
| If bonding occurs between two or more carbon atoms, the group is known as an | organic molecule. |
| What are organic macromolecules that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms | Carbohydrates |
| Carbohydrates may be simple or complex. Simple carbohydrates are also known as | monosaccharides |
| Monosaccharides can be combined to form more complex carbohydrates known as | polysaccharides. |
| What are chemical compounds that are primarily comprised of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus | Nucleotides |
| Nucleic Acids consist of a | five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and one or more phosphate groups. |
| What are two main types of nucleic acids | ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA). |
| These nucleic acids are different because their | five-carbon sugars are different |
| RNA contains | ribose |
| DNA contains | deoxyribose. |
| What Does DNA Do ? | stores genetic information and encodes the sequences of all the cell's proteins |
| What Does RNA Do ? | RNA is involved in the direct production of the proteins. |
| What are The five nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids. | Adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G) are found in both DNA and RNA. Thymine (T) is only found in DNA, and uracil (U) is only found in RNA. |
| What are organic macromolecules that are insoluble in water | Lipids |
| The most important lipids, however, are | fats |
| Triglycerides are a type of fat that contain one | glycerol molecule and three fatty acids. |
| Fatty acids are long chains of | CH2 units joined together |
| are organic macromolecules that are composed of amino acid | Proteins |
| are protein-containing substances that play a role in the regulation of cellular functions | Hormones |
| Substances containing proteins that play a role in defense are | antibodies |
| Other proteins known as What can also help speed up cellular reactions. | enzymes |
| The shape of an enzyme determines how it works. Most enzymes have a surface with one or more deep folds. The folds make pockets called | active sites. |
Created by:
Tregreen12
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