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inheritance BW

QuestionAnswer
The genetic makeup of an organism genotype
the visible traits that we can observe phenotype
change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genetic material mutation
The study of how these genetic traits are inherited genetics
full set of genetics carried in an organisms DNA genome
number of sex chromosomes 46
female chromosomes XX
male chromosomes XY
autosomal disorders genetic disorders that do involve sex chromosomes.
autosomal recessive example is sicke-cell anemia.
dominant disorders a single allele can bring damage even when a second functioning allele exists.
autosomal dominant dominant genetic disorder caused by a faulty allele that lies on an autosomal chromosome ex: Hungtington Disease.
chorea mental impairment & uncontrollable spastic movements.
pedigree familial history intended to track genetic conditions.
polyploidy state of having more than 2 sets of chromosomes.
aneuploidy organism has either more or fewer chromosomes than normally exist in its species' full set.
nondisjunction failure of homolgous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis
deletion a chromosome fragment breaks off & doesn't rejoin any chromosome.
inversion chromosomal abnormality comes when a chromosomal fragment rejoins a chromosome does w/ inverted orientation.
translocation 2 chromosomes that aren't homologous exchange pieces leaving both with improper gene sequences can have phenotypic effects.
Allele alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
Chromosome threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next.
Codominance inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles.
Diploid an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number.
Created by: The Beard
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