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Molecular Genetics

QuestionAnswer
What is DNA? DNA contains information that helps an organism develop and function
what Does DNA stand for? DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is DNA made up of? DNA is made of Nucleotides, which consists of 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate group
Where are segments of the DNA located? They are located in the chromosomes
What do the DNA segments carry? They carry information for certain traits called genes
What happenes when a protein synthesizes? A gene is expressed and produces a trait
What are the 4 nitrogen bases The 4 nitrogen bases are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
What is a codon? A codon is a row of three nitrogen bases.
What is the sugar called? Deoxyribose
What is the helix structure? Double Helix
What does the double helix do? Back boneof polymers
What is the backbone made of? Sugars and phosphate groups
Are sugar and phosphate groups bonded together? yes
What are the sugar and p0hosphate group linked together by? two nitrogenous bases that are attched to sugars
When are mRNA codons read? During Translation
What do they symbolize? Specific amino acids
What happens when all the codons have been read? The amino acids group together to form proteins
What is the first step in DNA Replication? The Oringinal DNA separate
What is the 2nd step in DNA Replication? "A" Bonds To "T" & "C" Bonds To "G"
What is the 3rd step in DNA replication?" Twp DNA molecules form, which are identical to the original DNA
What is the 1st step in Transcripition? Initiation
What is initiation? enzymes bind to a DNA sequence and unzip the molecule
What is step 2 in transcription? elongation
what is elongation? as the molecules unzips, RNA nucleotides pair to complementary DNA nucleotides on one of the DNA strands
Ehat is the 3rd step in transcription? Termenation
What is termenation? once base pairing is complete, the new RNA molecule (mRNA) breaks away from the DNA strands and ther DNA strands re-attach
What does mRNA stand for? Messenger RNA
Created by: 179315
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