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Biology Quiz 10.1

QuestionAnswer
What are the two reasons that cells need to divide? 1. Information "Overload". 2. Exchange of Materials.
What happens to the cell ratio as the cell gets bigger? Ratio decreases.
What is a daughter cell? A cell that is genetically identical to the parent cell.
What is cell division? The process by which a cell divides into 2 new daughter cells.
What is asexual reproduction? When a single cell divides into 2 cells. Single parent. Offspring is genetically identical. Occurs in both multicellular and unicellular organisms.
What is sexual reproduction? Fusion of 2 separate cells. Two parents. Offspring genetically different. Occurs in mostly multicellular organisms.
Prokaryote DNA? DNA contained in cytoplasm. Single, circular chromosome.
Eukaryote DNA? DNA contained in nucleus. Multiple, linear chromosomes- variables depending on species. Have 1,000 more DNA than prokaryotes.
Nucleosomes? DNA would tightly around histones forming small bundles.
Centromere? Where the 2 sister chromatins attach.
Cell cycle? life cycle of a cell during which it grows, prepares to divide and divides to form 2 daughter cells, each which begin the cell again.
Interphase? Cell growth in between cell division.
What are the four phases of interphase? G1, G2, S, M.
What are the steps of mitosis? Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
What is the first and longest phase of mitosis? Prophase.
What is the the stage of mitosis that the nucleolus reappears and the spindle fibers break down? Telephase.
What is the second and last step in cell division? (M-phase) Cytokinsis.
What happens to an animal cell during cytokinsis? Cell membrane drawn inward until they pinch off in a cleavage furrow between nuclei
What happens to a plant cell during cytokinsis? Cell plate forms midway between nuclei and grows outward dividing the cell in two.
What happens in prophase? Spindle fibers begin to form between centrioles. Nucleolus disappears. Nuclear envelope breaks down.
What results in cytokinsis? 2 identical daughter cells.
Created by: htscheergirk
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