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Phil
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Paradox of free Will | 1. Every action is either free or determined 2. If an action is determined then it is not a free action 3. If your action was not determined then it was not a free action so No action of yours is free |
| Paradox of free will 2a | if an action of yours was determined then things outside of your control- the state of the universe at the first moment of time and the laws of nature guaranteed that you would perform that action |
| Paradox of free will 2b | if things outside of your control guaranteed that you would perform an action, then you were not able to refrain from performing that action |
| Paradox of free will 2c | If you were not able to refrain from performing an action, then you did not have a sufficient amount of control over that action ie it was not a free action |
| Paradox of free will 2 conclusion | if an action of yours was determined then it is not a free action |
| Paradox of free will 3a | of an action of yours was not determined, then there is no explanation for that action |
| Paradox of free will 3b | Paradox of free will 3b If there is no explanation for an action of yours, then that action was just a random occurrence |
| Paradox of free will 3c | If an action of yours was just a random occurrence, then you did not have a suffcient amount of control over that action. ie it was not a free action |
| Paradox of free will 3 conclusion | if an action of yours was not determined then it was not a free action |
| Paradox | an apparently cogent argument for an apparently false conclusion |
| Free action | an action that you have sufficient control over |
| determinism | the thesis that the state of the universe at the first moment of time with the laws of nature there is only one way the future could go |
| reasons to care about free will | without free will there is no responsibility. people might think it's moral intrinsically valuable to make free choice |
| Darrows response to free will | there is no free will therefor the paradox of free will is correct |
| Compatibilism | The thesis that an action can be free and determined at the same time |
| Libertarianism | That some actions are free but none are determined |
| Can you be libertarian and compatible at the same time? | No, because ..... |
| Walter stace | compatiblist |
| Campbell | libertarian |
| Stace's free action | acts whose immediate cause are psychological states in the agent |
| Stace's hard determinist free action | free action is determined |
| Campbell | free will only applies to inner acts, moral freedom applies to inner acts |
| Three things for moral responsibility | sole authorship must be an inner act could have acted otherwise |
| implication for sole author ship | no one has control over their heredity and very little control over their environment |
| If an argument is fallacious, then | it has either an unreasonable premise or a weak inference |
| An intermediate conclusion of an argument, X: | A. is offered in support of another statement in X. and B. has another statement in X offered in support of it. |
| If a statement, S, of an argument, X, has something offered in support of it within X, then S cannot be: | a premise |
| If it is not possible for an argument’s premises to be true and its main conclusion false, then that argument must be: | deductively valid |
| According to the Memory Criterion of personal identity, a person is numerically identical with: | memories |
| Frank Jackson’s thought experiment about Mary is offered in support of: | C. the possibility of a person knowing all the physical facts about color vision and not knowing what it’s like to see red. |
| If property dualism is true, then: | mental properties are non-physical/immatetial properties |
| According to the symmetry property of numerical identity: | if a=b the b=a |
| Which of the following is the main conclusion of the Duplication Objection? | the memory criterion is false |
| X and Y can be qualitatively identical even if X and Y are not numerically identical. | true |
| One and the same thing can be qualitatively different at different times. | true |
| if substance dualism is true, then the soul criterion is also true | true |
| When criticizing arguments for dualism, Paul Churchland is thereby arguing for the falsity of dualism | false |
| According to Cartesian Substance Dualism, souls and bodies can causally interact | true |
| The Memory Criterion implies that you must have one and the same brain over time in order to survive from one time to another | false |
| Paul Churchland rejects both substance dualism and property dualism | true |
| According to the Principle of Bivalence: | every statement is true or false |
| Which of the following sets of words contain premise-indicators? | since because for given that |
| An argument with reasonable premises is guaranteed to be cogent | false |
| fallacy of equivocation | when a word's meaning is misunderstood in an argument |
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