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ZOO161 Chapter 9
Exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inspiration | or inhalation air is conducted from the atmosphere to the lungs by a series of cavities, tubes. and openings. |
| Expiration | exhalation (breathing out) air is conducted form the lungs to the atmosphere by way of the same structures |
| Ventilation | another term for breathing that includes both inspiration and expiration |
| how long is the respiratory tract? | the respiratory tract extends from the nose to the lungs. |
| Upper respiratory tract | Nasal Cavity Pharynx Glottis Larynx |
| Nasal Cavity | filters, warms, and moistens air |
| Pharynx | passageway where pathway for sir and food cross |
| Glottis | Space between the vocal chords; opening to larynx |
| Larynx | (voice box) produces sound |
| Lower Respiratory Tract | Trachea Bronchus Bronchioles Lung Diaphragm |
| Trachea | windpipe passageway of air to bronchi |
| Bronchus | passage of air to lungs |
| Bronchioles | passage of air to alveoli |
| Lung | contains alveoli (air sacs); carries out gas exchange |
| Diaphragm | skeletal muscle; functions in ventilation |
| tidal volume | the amount of air in our lungs we we are relaxed. measure from top on relaxed wave to bottom of relaxed wave ~500mL |
| Vital Capacity | the maximum volume of air that can be moved in plus the maximum amount that can be moved out during a single breath measure from top of max inspiration to bottom of max expiration |
| Inspiratory volume | forced inspiration highest peaking wave measure form top of tidal volume to max peak |
| Expiratory volume | release of inspiratory volume lowest peaking wave measure form botton of tidal volume to lowest wave |
| Residual Volume | the amount of air that cant be exhaled from the lungs measure form lowest wave (expiratory volume) to 0 |
| Respiratory control center | located in the medulla oblongata of the brain automatically sends out nerve signals to the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles of the rib cage, causing inspiration to occur |
| Chemoreceptors | are sensory receptors in the body that are sensitive to chemical composition of body fluids. receptores sensitive to pH can cause breathing to speed up |
| External Respiration | refers to the exchange of gases between air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary capillaries |
| Bicarbonate ions | Ion that participates in buffering the blood; the form in which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood stream |
| Internal Respiration | the exchange of gases between the blood in systemic capillaries and the tissue cells. |
| Carbaminohemoglobin | hemoglobin carrying carbon dioxide |
| Reduced Hemoglobin | hemoglobin carrying Hydrogen ions |
Created by:
allenoa
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