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Nuclear Transport

QuestionAnswer
What are in nuclear pore complexes? (3 things) nuclear basket, nuclear filaments, cytosolic fibril
What is distinct about the inner and outer membranes of the nucleus? Inner - innernuclear membrane, connected to nuclear lamina network Outer - covered in ribosomes and included in ribosome synthesis and is continuous with ER membrane
What is the NPC? Nuclear Pore complex - mechanism used to make sure qualified compounds enter the nucleus
Name the 4 structural building blocks of the NPC 1. column subunits 2. annular subunits 3. lumenal subunits 4. ring subunits
In short, what do nuclear import receptors do? they recognize nuclear localizing signals to intiate nuclear import
What are four typical things that can bind to import receptors? cargo, adaptor proteins, GDP and GTP
Explain the import cycle 1. Ran GTPase has GDP attached to it, and it enters the nucleus from the cytosol 2. Ran-GEF switches GTP for GDP 3. Ran-GTP leaves nucleus 4. RAn-GAP hydrolyzes GTP to GDP when in the cytosol
What is the difference between nuclear import and export Import - GTP needed to get cargo into the cell Export - GTP needed to get cargo out of cell
When does cargo protein bind to receptor? When does Ran-GTP or Ran-GDP attach? They can never be attached at the same time. Cargo is bound without any Ran-GTP bound to it.
What happens when there is foreign antigen activating T cells? Intracellular calcium levels increase
What binds to the T cell? Calcineurin
What happens when calcineurin binds to a T cell it becomes dephosphorated
When A Tcell is dephosphorated, what happens next? it is brought into the nucleus and activates gene transcription
When calcium levels are low again, what happens to the calcineurin-bound T cell? It loses calcineurin and gets phosophorylated by a kinase, and is exported back to the nucleus
What else do nuclear exports do? They help to direct mRNA out of the nucleus
Created by: neeck
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