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Clinical Pharm.

Test II, N101

QuestionAnswer
the study of drug action pharmacology
Looking at different chemicals & how they react with living organisms pharmacology
Cannabis Heroin LSD Mescaline Schedule I Drugs
V Schedules Controlled Substances
high potential for abuse Schedule I & II
no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States Schedule I
lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision Schedule I
Cocaine Ritalin, Adderall Opium Methadone Dilaudid Demerol Schedule II Drugs
currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States Schedule II, III, IV & V
Abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence Schedule II
potential for abuse less other drugs Schedule III
Abuse may lead to moderate physical dependence or high psychological dependence Schedule III
Anabolic steroids Ketamine Hydrocodone Paragoric Schedule III Drugs
low potential for abuse Schedule IV
Abuse of the drug may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence Schedule IV & V
Benzodiazepins Zolpidem Barbituates Chloral Hydrate Schedule IV Drugs
Very little chance of dependence Schedule V
Lyrica Lomotil Promethazine + codeine Schedule V Drugs
assigned by the manufacturer that first develops the drug, active ingredient Generic Name
selected by the drug company that has the copyright and sells the drug Trade Name
Acetaminophen Tylenol
ASA Aspirin
Ibuprofen Motrin
Lorazepam Adapin
Furosemide Lasix
Levoflaxacin Leviquan
Diphenhydramine Benedryl
What happens to the drug Pharmacokinetics
What happens to the body Pharmacodynamics
drugs alter “the action of” cell physiology Pharmacodynamics
depressing stimulating destroying cells [cytotoxic] irritation replacing substances Five main drug actions
Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion Four stages
Drug enters body --> bloodstream Absorption
laxative irritates bowels to produce peristalsis Irritation
Vitamins, minerals, etc. Replacing substances
Subcutaneous SC
Intramuscular IM
Tube into stomach Enterol Med
Injected in bone Interosteos
Quicker than PO but slower than IV SC
Blood drawn 10 mins. prior to administering the next dose - levels at the lowest trough level
About 30 mins. after dose is administered - levels at the highest peak level
ways in which drugs are transported by the circulating body fluids to the sites of action (receptors), metabolism, and excretion distribution
metabolism biotransformation
process by which the body inactivates the medications/ drugs metabolism
Most oral medications are metabolized by the liver
drug extremely toxic to the liver Tylenol
Liver GI tract Lungs Kidneys Metabolism processors
Main processor of metabolism is the liver
elimination of metabolites of drugs, and in some cases, the active drug itself from the body Excretion
Most drugs excreted through Urine
Most drugs excreted by Kidneys
The client has been on a low-protein diet. This will most likely affect which pharmacokinetic process? Distribution
Enter -> _______ (blood) -> Distribution (circulation) -> Metabolism (liver) -> Excretion (kidneys) -> Exit Absorption
Enter -> Absorption (blood) -> _______ (circulation) -> Metabolism (liver) -> Excretion (kidneys) -> Exit Distribution
Enter -> Absorption (blood) -> Distribution (circulation) -> _________ (liver) -> Excretion (kidneys) -> Exit Metabolism
Enter -> Absorption (blood) -> Distribution (circulation) -> Metabolism (liver) -> ______ (kidneys) -> Exit Excretion
50% of drug elimination Half-life
subject's reaction to drug decreases so that larger doses are required to achieve the same effect Drug Tolerance
compulsion to take a drug to produce a desired effect or prevent unpleasant effects when the drug is withheld Drug Dependence
occurs when the action of one drug is altered by the action of another drug Drug Interactions
2 drugs help to do the same thing Synergistic Effect
administer drug to counteract another drug already given Antagonistic Effect
Created by: lost little girl
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