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IV solutions
IV solutions catergorized by osmolarity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Isotonic | Solution has same osmolarity as the serum & other body fluids |
| Hypotonic | solution has a lower osmolarity than serum & other body fluids. |
| Hypertonic | Solution has a higher osmolarity than serum & other body fluids. |
| 2.5% dextrose in H20 | Hypotonic |
| 0.25% NaCl | Hypotonic |
| 0.33% NaCl | Hypotonic |
| 0.45% NaCl | Hypotonic |
| 5% dextrose in H20 | Isotonic |
| 0.9% NaCl | Isotonic |
| Ringer's injection | Isotonic |
| Lactated ringer's | Isotonic |
| 5% dextrose in 0.45% NaCl | Hypertonic |
| 5% dextrose in 0.9% NaCl | Hypertonic |
| 5% dextrose in Ringer's | Hypertonic |
| 10% dextrose in H20 | Hypertonic |
| 20% dextrose in H20 | Hypertonic |
| 50% dextrose in H20 | Hypertonic |
| 70% dextrose in H20 | Hypertonic |
| 3% NaCl | Hypertonic |
| 5% NaCl | Hypertonic |
| Isotonic | NS |
| Isotonic | LR |
| Hypotonic | 0.45% NS |
| Hypertonic | 3% Saline |
| Hypotonic | Action: hydrates cells; pulls fluids from vascular space into cellular space. |
| Hypotonic | Indication: tx of hypertonic dehydration |
| Isotonic | Action: hydrates extracellular compartment; replaces fluid volume w/o disrupting the intracellular & interstitial volumes |
| Isotonic | Indication: tx of vascular dehydration; replaces sodium chloride |
| Hypertonic | Action: draws fluid out of intracellular space; leading to increased extracellular volume both in vascular & interstitial space |
| Hypertonic | Indication: tx of hypotonic dehydration; tx of circulatory collapse; increase fluid shift from interstitial space to vascular space. |