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Moon and Seasons
Earth Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Highlands | mountain ranges that soar thousands of meters into the black sky. Appear as the light areas we see on the moon. Made of rocks called Anorthosites. |
| Rilles | long valleys that crisscross most of its surface. May prove that there was previous volcanic activity, thought to be leftover lava channels/ |
| Maria | dark areas of solidified lava are flat plains. They are dark because they reflect less light/ |
| Rays | bright streaks that extend out from impact area/ |
| Regolith | crushed rock and dust (lunar surface is covered in it)/ |
| Craters | Bowl shaped depression made from leftover debris from solar system formation that struck the moon/ |
| Crust | near side is thinner than far side, far side more mountainous and has less Maria than near side/ |
| Mantle | made of silica, magnesium and iron/ |
| Lunar Rocks | igneous, mostly oxygen and silicon, do not contain any water/ |
| Interior of moon | The moon has a near side and a far side because one side of the moon always faces earth, Small iron core/ |
| Apogee | when the moon is at the farthest point in its orbit around the earth/ |
| Perigee | when the moon is at the closest point in its orbit around the earth/ |
| Giant Impact Hypothesis | Mars sized object hit earth, Blasted part of mantle into space, Debris revolved around Earth, Eventually material joined to form our moon |
| Lunar rotation | The moon rotates on its axis and revolves around the Earth… because its rotation and revolution take the same amount of time we always see the same side of the moon |
| Tides | the rise and fall of the oceans/ |
| Spring tides | When the moon is full or new, the gravitational pull of the moon and sun are combined. At these times, the high tides are very high and the low tides are very low. This is known as a spring high tide (spring straight)/ |
| Neap tides | During the moon's quarter phases the sun and moon work at right angles, causing the bulges to cancel each other. The result is a smaller diff between high and low tides (known as a neap tide). Neap tides are especially weak tides |
| Solar Eclipse | Sun-Moon-Earth (moon blocks the sun) |
| Lunar eclipse | Sun-Earth-Moon (earth shadows the moon) |
| Umbra | inner part of the shadow, where you can see the full eclipse |
| Penumbra | outer part of the shadow |
| Seasons | determined by earth's tilt |
| Aphelion | the point on its orbit when the Earth is farthest from the sun, earth moves slowly on its orbit/ |
| Perihelion | the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun, earth moves faster on its orbit/ |
| Summer solstice | June 21st. It is the day with the longest amount of sunlight during the year. |
| Autumnal Equinox | Sept. 21/22. There is equal daylight and night time. |
| Winter solstice | Dec. 21st. This is the day with the least amount of the sunlight during the year. |
| Vernal equinox | March 21/22. There is equal daylight and night time. |
| Ptolemy | Geocentric |
| Copernicus | Heliocentric |
| Kepler | planets revolve around sun, planets move in an elliptical shape this is known as Kepler’s First Law |
| Galileo | first person to use telescope to observe the sky, found 4 moon’s orbiting Jupiter |
| Newton | Planets motion around sun is the result of inertia and gravity |
Created by:
elarocco
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