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Chapter 19King's8C
Oceans and Seas
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How much of the earth's surface is covered with water? | 71% |
| What is a large body of saltwater partially, nearly, or completely enclosed by land? | Sea |
| What is a submerged mountain-like structure on the sea bottom? (most are extinct) | Seamount |
| What is a seamount with a flat top called? | Guyot |
| What is a deep canyon in the sea floor? | Trench |
| What is coral made of? | Tiny animals |
| What is a coral reef located away from land that is separated by a lagoon? | Atoll |
| What is a ring of low coral reef islands and reefs surrounding a central lagoon that is in most cases built on a submerged volcano? | Atoll |
| What is the most abundant salt in the ocean water called? | Sodium Chloride |
| What is the average time between a particle's entrance into the ocean and its removal by some means? | Residence Time |
| What is the process called in which all the salt is taken out of the water? | Distillation |
| How does the moon affect ocean water? | It makes tides |
| When does a spring tide occur? | 2 times a month |
| What is a higher-than-usual tide? | Spring Tide |
| What is a lower-than-usual tide? | Neap Tide |
| What is a water wave in which the top falls over on the foward side of the wave and the wave becomes unstable? | Breaker |
| What is a current that flows paralled to the shore and is caused by waves that approach the shore at an angle? | Longshore Current |
| What is a rapid current flowing outward to sea from indentations along a shore on which large waves are breaking? (These currents are also called undertow) | Rip Current |
| What is the best way to swim out of a rip current? | Swim At A Right Angle |
| What is a cave formed by erosion of a cliff face by waves? | Sea Cave |
| What is a type of ocean erosion that looks like a natural bridge? | Sea Arch |
| What is a mass of rock that wave erosion has isolated from the shore? (Often formed by the collapse of a sea arch) | Stack |
| What is a narrow sand formation deposited by waves and currents that extend out from a headland? (Often across the mouth of a bay or an inlet) | Spit |
| What is a spit with a sharp bend? | Hook |
| What is an island formed when waves deposit sand across the mouth of a bay or along a coastline, but has no connection with the mainland? | Barrier Island |
| What is a large, closed-loop surface current in an ocean basin formed under the influence of prevailing winds and the Coriolis affect? | Gyre |
| Which way do the Northern Hemisphere currents flow? | Clockwise |
| Which way do the Southern Hemisphere currents flow? | Counterclockwise |
| What is a fast sub-surface current caused by the weight of large amounts of suspended sediment? (Such flows are believed to result in erosion of the continental slope) | Turbidity Current |
| What is a current created by the tendency of denser, more saline water to sink and displace less dense, less saline water, which rises? | Density Current |
| What is cold water rising called? | Upwelling |
| What tide occurs when the sun, the earth, and the moon form a right angle and cause the sun's gravity to work against the moon's gravity? (It happens 2 times a month) | Neap Tide |
Created by:
awsmith97
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