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Celllls

QuestionAnswer
Cell theory 1. cells are the basic unit of structure + function of all living things 2. each cell carries on life processes 3. new cells come from existing cells
von Leeuwenhoek invented simple microscope, saw living cells didn't know he was seeing cells
Robert Hooke compound scope, first to use the term cell
Robert Brown discovered & named nucleus
Mathias Schleiden cells are basic unit of plants
Theodor Schwann cells are the basic unit of animals
Rudolph Virchow all cells originate from other living cells
Exceptions to cell theory 1. 1st cell couldn't have come from an existing cell 2. viruses are not cells, but do contain genetic material + can reproduce inside host cells 3. 2 organelles do contain DNA & can reproduce within cells- mitochondria, chloroplast
Cell Membrane semi-permeable, contain protein molecules which receive chemical messages from other cells, double lipid layer
pinocytosis smalll particles taken in, pouch forms, pinches off, membrane restores itself
phagocytosis large particles engulfed by pseudopods
cytoplasm mainly of water, organelles suspended in it
cyclosis movement of cytoplasm & organelles around the cell
nucleus directs cell activities, genetic information contained in chromatin, contains nucleolus
nucleolus in nucleus, made of DNA, RNA, and protein, ribosomes are made there
Endoplasmic reticulum channels that provide pathways for storage, synthesis and transport of materials throughout the cell
Ribosome site of protein synthesis, can be free in cytoplasm or lining the ER for support, made of RNA and protein
Mitochondria site of cellular respiration in aerobic cell, inner folds called cristae increase surface area, contain DNA, can replicate
Golgi body flattened sacs near nucleus, many in plant cells, one in animal, prepares material for secretion from the cell- packages proteins made by ribosomes
Lysosomes small sacs surrounded by a single membrane, produced by Golgi bodies, rare in plant cells, contain digestive enzymes, called "suicide sacs"
Vacuole contain water and other materials, used for storage, larger in plants
Centriole right angles, 9 microtubules, animal cells involved with cell division
Cell wall gives shape and protection, only in plants
Chloroplasts found in plants, site of photosynthesis, contain chlorophyll
Microtubules gives shape, made of tubulin, movement of chromosomes during cell division
Microfilaments made of protein, can contract, involved with the movement of cytoplasm
Flagella/Cilia identical, similar to centrioles-have microtubules, cell movement in unicellular organisms
Created by: SThomas~
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