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sierra ch 6

earthquakes

QuestionAnswer
PLATE a large section of Earth's crust and rigid upper mantle that moves around on the asthenoshere.
FAULT surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break
EARTHQUAKE is the vibrations produced by the breaking of rock
NORMAL FAULT break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the the rock below the fault surface
REVERSE FAULT break in rock caused by compression forces where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface
STRIKE-SLIP FAULT break in rock caused by shear forces, where rocks move past each other without much vertical movement
WAVE rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter and space
SEISMIC WAVE wave generated by an earthquake
SECONDARY WAVE seismic wave that moves rock particles at a right angle to the direction of the wave
SEISMOGRAPH instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived
SURFACE WAVE seismic wave that moves rock particles uo-and-down in a backward rolling motion and side-to-side in a swaying motion
PRIMARY WAVE seismic wav that moves rock particles back-and-forth in the same direction thar the wave travels
FOCUS in an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves
EPICENTER point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquakes focus
CREST the highest piont of a wave
MAGNITUDE measure of energy released
LIQUEFICATION occurs when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake
TSUNAMI waves caused by earthquakes
Created by: Sierra T.
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