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AP Biology chap 12

QuestionAnswer
Genome Cell's genetic information.
Somatic Cells Body cells.
Gametes. Sperm and egg cells.
Chromosomes DNA molecules
Diploid [2n] 2 sets of chromosomes.
Haploid [1n] 1 set of chromosomes.
Chromatin DNA-protein complex.
Chromatids Replicated strands of a chromosome.
Centromere Narrowing waits of sister chromatids.
Mitosis Nuclear division.
Cytokinesis Cytoplasm Division.
Meiosis Gamete cell division.
How long is interphase? 90% of the cycle.
G1 Phase Growth phase 1. Time for a cell to do the cell's job.
S Phase Synthesis of DNA
G2 Phase Growth phase 2. Preparation for cell division. Time for a cell to be a cell.
Mitotic Phase Mitosis in 5 stages. Cytokinesis [division of cytoplasm]
What are the stages in mitosis? Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Prophase Chromosomes are visible. Nucleoli disappear. Mitotic spindle forms. Centrosomes move.
Prometaphase Nuclear membrane fragments. Spindle interacts with chromosomes. Kinetochere develops.
Metaphase Centrosomes are at opposite ends of the cells. Centromeres are aligned. Kinetocheres of sister chromatids attached to microtubules.
Anaphase Paired centromeres separate. Chromosomes move to opposite poles. Each pole has a set of chromosomes.
Telophase Daughter nuclei form. Nuclear envelope forms. 2 new nuclei complete mitosis.
Cytokinesis Cytoplasmic division. Cleave furrows.
Anchorage Dependence Cells anchor to cover the surface forming a single layer.
Density-dependent Inhibition If some cells are scraped away, the remaining cells fill the gap.
Metastasis Spreading of cancerous cells / tissue.
Created by: helloxdalena
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