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Chapter 6 Earth
Earthquakes
| A large section of Earth's crust and rigid upper mantle that moves around on the anthenosphere | Plate |
| Break in a rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface. | Normal Fault |
| Break in a rock caused by compression forces, where rock above the rock surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface. | Reverse Fault |
| Break in rock caused by shear forces, where rocks move past each other without much verticle movement. | Strike-Slip Fault |
| Rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter and space. | Wave |
| Wave generated by an earthquake. | Seismic Wave |
| In an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves. | Focus |
| Seismic wave that moves rock particles back-and-forth in the same direction that the wave travels | Primary Waves |
| Seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction of the wave. | Secondary Wave |
| Seismic wave that moves rock particles up-and-down in a backwards rolling motion and side-to-side in a swaying motion. | Surface Wave |
| Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. | Epicenter |
| Instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived. | Seismograph |
| The highest point of a wave. | Crest |
| Measure of the energy released during an earthquake. | Magnitude |
| Occures when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake. | Liquefaction |
| Seismic sea wave that begins over an earthquake focus and can highly destructive when it crashes on shore. | Tsunami |
| Surface along which rocks move when they pass there elastic limit and break. | Fault |
| Vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault. | Earthquakes |