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AP Biology chapter 8

WordDefinition
Metabolism The totality of an organism's chemical processes. Managing the material and energy resources of the cell.
Catabolic Pathways Degradative process such as cellular respiration; releases energy
Anabolic Pathways Building process such as protein synthesis; photosynthesis; consumes energy.
Energy Capacity to do work.
Kinetic Energy Energy of motion.
Potential Energy Stored energy.
Thermodynamics Study of energy transformations.
1st Law: Conservation of Energy Energy is transferred or transformed not created or destroyed.
2nd Law: Transformations increases entropy.
Free Energy Portion of system's energy that can perform work.
Exergonic Reaction Net release of free energy to surroundings.
Endergonic Reaction Absorbs free energy from surroundings.
Energy Coupling Use of exergonic process to drive an endergonic one.
ATP Tail High negative charge.
ATP Hydrolysis Release of free energy.
Phosphorylation
Catalytic Proteins Change the rate of reactions without being consumed.
Free Energy of Activation The energy required to break bonds.
Substrate Enzyme reactant.
Active Site Pocket on enzyme that binds to substrate.
Coenzymes Organic helpers such as vitamins.
Cofactors Inorganic helpers such as zinc, iron.
Competitive inhibitors Competes for the active site.
Noncompetitive inhibitors Binds to another part of enzyme altering its shape.
Created by: helloxdalena
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