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AP Biology chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Selective Permeability | Allows some substances to cross it more easily than others. |
| Amphipathic | Hydrophobic and hydrophillic regions. |
| Fluid Mosaic Model | The membrane is a fluid structure with various proteins embedded. |
| Cholesterol | Membrane stabilization |
| Peripheral Proteins | Surface of membranes. |
| Integral Proteins | Embedded proteins. |
| Membrane Carbohydrates | Cell to cell recognition. |
| Membrane Fluidity | Caused by phospholipids. |
| Diffusion | Tendency of any molecule to spread out. Always goes with gradient. |
| Concentration Gradient | The region along which the density of a chemical substance decreases. |
| Passive Transport | Diffusion of a substance across a membrane. No energy. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water. |
| Hypertonic | High concentration of solutes |
| Hypotonic | Lower concentration of solutes. |
| Isotonic | Equal concentrations of solutes. |
| Osmoreagulation | Control of water balance. |
| Turgid | Very firm |
| Flaccid | Limp, weak. |
| Plasmolysis | Plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall. |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Passage of molecules and ions with transport proteins across a membrane down the gradient. |
| Active Transport | Movement of a substance against its concentration gradient using energy. |
| Exocytosis | Secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane. |
| Endocytosis | Import of macromolecules by forming new vesicles with the plasma membrane. |
| Pinocytosis | Cellular drinking. |
| Receptor-mediated Endocytosis | Movement of specific molecules into a cell by the budding of membranes vesicles containing proteins. |
| Ligand | Any molecule that binds to a specific receptor site. |