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Vocabulary Ch. 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen | light microscope |
| an image of a specimen using a beam of electrons rather than light | electron microscope |
| the quality of making an image appear larger than its actual size | magnification |
| a measure of the clarity of an image | resolution |
| a microscope that produces an enlarged 3-dimensional image of an object by using a beam of electrons rather than light | scanning tunneling microscope |
| 1. All living things are made of one or more cells 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms 3. All cells arise form existing cells | cell theory |
| an outer boundary on a cell | cell membrane |
| the cell membrane encloses the cell and separates the cell interior | cytoplasm |
| the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division | cytoskeleton |
| cellular structures on which proteins are made | ribosomes |
| a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other internal compartments | prokaryote |
| surrounding the cell membrane that provides structure and support | cell wall |
| are long, threadlike structures that protrude form the cells surface and enable movement | flagella |
| an organism whose cells have a nucleus | eukaryote |
| an internal compartment that houses the cells DNA | Nucleus |
| a structure that carries out specific activities in the cell | organelle |
| short hair-like structures protrude form the surface of some eukaryotic cells | cilia |
| a lipid made of a phosphate group and 2 fatty acids | phospholipid |
| in the cell membrane the phospholipids are arranged in a double layer | lipid bilayer |
| an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell | ER |
| a small membrane-bound sac that transports substances in cells | vesicle |
| a set of flattened, membrane- bound sacs that serves as the packaging an distribution center of cells | golgi apparatus |
| are small, spherical organelles that contain the cells digestive enzymes | lysosomes |
| is an organelle that harvests energy from organic compounds to make up ATP | Mitochondria |
| are organelles that uses eight energy to make carbohydrates form carbon dioxide and water | chloroplast |
| a large cavity or sac that is found in plants cells or protozoans and that contains air or partially digested food | central vacuole |
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