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GRCC BI121 lab 3

GRCC BI 121 Lab 3 muscles

QuestionAnswer
Frontalis actions Raise eyebrows and draws scalp anteriorly
Orbicularis oculi actions Close eyelids as in blinking or squinting
Orbicularis oris actions Kissing muscles; closes mouth, protrudes and purses lips.
Platsyma actions Draws angle of mouth downward (as in pouting); synergists for depression of mandible
Masseter origin zygomatic arch
Masseter insertion Angle and ramus of mandible
Masseter actions Elevates mandible
Temporalis Origin Temporal fossa
Temporalis insertion Coronoid process and ramus of mandible.
Elevates mandible Temporalis actions
Medial Pterygoid actions Elevates mandible & moves it side to side.
Lateral Pterygoid actions protracts mandible & moves it side to side.
Digastric Depresses mandible
Muscles of facial expressions frontalis, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris and platsyma
Muscles of mastification Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoid, digastric
muscles that move the head Sternocleidomastoid
Sternocliedomastoid actions Bilaterally:flexes neck; unilateral action: rotates head to shoulder on opposite side, lateral flexion
sternocliedomastoid Bilateral actions Flexes neck
Sternocliedomastoid unilateral action rotates head to shoulder on opposite side, lateral flexion
Muscles that move the pectoral girdle (scapula & clavicle) trapezius, pectoralis minor, internal & external intercostals
Pectoral girdle Scapula & clavicle
Trapezius action: Extends neck; retracts, fixes, elevates and depresses scapula.
Pectoralis minor action Draws scapula anterioraly & inferiorly, raises ribs during deep inspiration.
Internal intercostals actions Depresses rib cage during expiration.
external intercostals actions elevates rib cage during inspiration.
Muscles that move the arm Pectoralis major, teres major, latissmus dorsi, deltoid, Rotator Cuff (4 parts): subscapularis, infraspinatus, Teres minor, supraspinatus.
Pectoralis Major Action Flexion, adduction and medial rotation of arm
Teres major action Extends, adducts and medial rotation of arm
Extends, adducts and medial rotation of arm Latissmus dorsi action.
Deltoid Flexes, extends, abducts, medially and laterally rotates arm
Rotator cuff consists of 4 muscles Infraspinatus, supraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Subscapularis action medial rotation of humerus
infraspinatus action Lateral rotation of humerus
Lateral rotation of humerus Teres Minor
Supraspinatus actions initiates abduction of shoulder/humerus; stabilizes shoulder joint; (prevent downward dislocation of humerus)
stabilizes shoulder join and prevents downward dislocation of humerus Supraspinatus actions
Muscles that move the forearm Biceps brachii, Triceps brachii, brachialis, supinator, pronator teres, brachioradialis
Biceps brachii origin Short head: corocoid process; tendon of long head runs in intertubercular groove and within capsule of shoulder joint.
Bicep brachii insertion radial tuberosity of radius
Bicep brachii action flexes and supinates forearm
Triceps brachii origin Long head: inferior margin of glenoid cavity; lateral head: posterior humerus; medial head:distal radial groove on posterior humerus
Inferior martin of glenoid cavity Triceps brachii origin: Long Head
Posterior humerus Triceps brachii origin: Lateral head
Distal radial groove on posterior humerus Triceps brachii orgin: Medial head
Triceps brachii Insertion Olecranon process of ulna
Triceps brachii action extends forearms
Brachialis Action Flexes forearm
Supinator action Supinates forearm
Pronator Teres action Pronates forearm
Brachoradialis action Flexes forearm at elbow
Muscles that move the hand or digits Flexor Carpi Radialis, Palmaris Longus, Extensor digitorium, Flexor digitorum superficialis, brachioradialis
Flexor carpi radialis action Flexes and abducts hand
Palmaris actions weak wrist flexor
Extensor digitorum action Extends digits 2-5
Flexor digitorum superficialis action Flexes digits 2-5
Brachioradialis action Forearm flexion
Muscles of the abdominal wall External & internal oblique, Transversus abdomonis, rectus abdominus
External oblique actions Flexes vertebral column (increases intra-abdominal pressure)
Fixes and depression ribs, rotates trunk, compresses anterior abdominal wall External oblique actions
Internal obliques actions Flexes vertebral column; increases abdominal pressure, fixes and depresses rivs, roates trunk, compresses anterior abdominal wall.
Fixes and depress ribs, rotates trunk, compresses anterior abdominal wall Internal oblique actions
Transverse abdominis action Compresses anterior abdominal wall
Rectus abdominis action Flexes vertebral column; increases abdominal pressure, fixes and depresses ribs.
Muscels that extend the spine erector spinae
Erector Spinae = Iliostalis, longissimus, spinalis thoracics.
Erector spinae action Prime mover of back extension.
Muscles that move the thigh and or the legs Iliopsas, Tensor fasciae latae, adductor Longus, gracilis, gluteus maximus & medius.
Iliopsoas action Flex trunk at high, major flexor of hip.
Tensor Fascia Latae action Extends knee via iliotibial band/tract; maintains upright postural control
Adductor longus action adducts, flexes and laterally rotates thigh
Gracilis action adducts thigh and flexes leg at knee
Gluteus medius action abducts and medially rotates thig
Gluteus maximus action powerful extensor & lateral rotation of thigh.
Muscles that move the leg Sartorius, Hamstrings (3 muscles): Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranous; Quadriceps (4 muscles) Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis-medialis-intermedialis.
Sartorius action Flexes leg and thigh, abducts and laterally rotates thigh.
Hamstrings (3 muscles) Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranous
Biceps Femoris action Extends thigh, flexes leg
Semitendinosus actions Extends thigh; flexes leg; medially rotates leg (when in flexed position)
Semimembranosus actions Extends thigh; flexes knee; medially rotates leg
Quadriceps (4 muscles) Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedialis.
Rectus femoris actions extends leg and flexes thigh
vastus laterlis, medialis and intermedialis actions extends legs
Muscles that move the foot and or digits tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneus longs (fibularis longus)
Tibialis action Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot
Extensor digitorum longus action Toe extension, dorsiflexes foot, everts foot
Gastrocnemius action Flexes leg; plantar flexion of the foot
Soleus action plantar flexes foot
Peroneus longs (fibularis longus) action plantar flexes, everts foot
Connective tissues cranial aponeurosis, linea alba, thoracolumbar fascia, flexor reinaculum, extensor retinaculum, Iliotibial band, patellar ligament, calcaneal tendon
Pectoralis Major actions flexes and adducts humerus, medially rotates arm and pulls chest forward
Created by: Wends1984
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