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PBHS AP Bio Ch 46
Reece & Campbell ch 46 animal reproduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| reproduction in which all genes come from one parent | asexual reproduction |
| creation of offspring by the fusion of haploid gametes into diploid zygote | sexual reproduction |
| asexual reproduction in which parent separates into two or more individuals of about the same size | fission |
| asexual reproduction which occurs when new individuals arise from outgrowths of the parent | budding |
| asexual reproduction which occurs asexual reproduction in which an individual breaks into several pieces all of which may form complete adults | fragmentation |
| asexual reproduction in which a female produces eggs that develop without fertilization | parthenogenesis |
| regrowth of body parts, necessary for fragmentation | regeneration |
| organisms that reproduce by fission | some bacteria |
| organisms that reproduce by budding | some corals, sponges |
| organisms that reproduce by fragmentation | echinoderms (starfish) |
| organisms that reproduce by parthenogenesis | male honeybees |
| the release of mature eggs, may be cyclical so that young are produced at certain times of year when survival is most likely | ovulation |
| each individual has both sets of reproductive organs | hermaphroditism |
| an example of a hermaphroditic organism | earthworm, tapeworm |
| individual changes its sex during its lifetime | sex reversal |
| an example of an organism that may undergo sex reversal | blue wrasse, some frogs |
| union of sperm and egg | fertilization |
| eggs are shed by female and fertilized by the male outside of the female's body | external fertilization |
| an example of an organism that reproduces by external fertilization | salmon, most fish and amphibians |
| organs that produce gametes | gonads |
| sperm are deposited into the female reproductive tract | internal fertilization |
| consequence of internal fertilization and/or having eggs protected by shells or within the female's body | fewer zygotes |
| microscopic structures within the ovaries, contain a partially developed egg | follicle |
| female gonad | ovary |
| female hormone produced by follicle cells | estrogen |
| release of an egg from the follicle | ovulation |
| inner lining of the uterus | endometrium |
| the neck of the uterus | cervix |
| after the release of the egg from the follicle, the remaining follicle tissue heals and forms the _________ | corpus luteum |
| two hormones produced by the corpus luteum | estrogen and progesterone |
| male gonads | testes |
| coiled structures in the testes where sperm are made | seminiferous tubules |
| production of mature sperm cells | spermatogenesis |
| development of mature ova | oogenesis |
| cells that develop into ova, multiply and begin meiosis | oogonia |
| oogonia that stop at prophase I and are quiescent until puberty are called __________ | primary oocytes |
| from puberty onward, FSH periodically stimulates a follicle to grow and its egg to compete meiosis I and begin Meiosis II; forms the __________ | secondary oocyte |
| humans and other primates have ________ when the endometrium is shed from the uterus | menstrual cycle or menstruation |
| mammals other than primates have a ___________ when the female is receptive to mating | estrous cycle |
| the menstrual cycle is affected by two hormones produced by the pituitary gland whose targets tissues are found in the ______ | ovary |
| the menstrual cycle is affected by two hormones produced by the pituitary gland whose targets tissues are found in the ovary; these are called __________ hormones | gonadotropic |
| the menstrual cycle is affected by two hormones produced by the pituitary gland whose targets tissues are found in the ovary. These hormones are called ____ & ____ | FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) & LH (luteinizing hormone) |
| the menstrual cycle is affected by two hormones produced by the ovary. These two hormones are _______&_______. | estradiol & progesterone |
| an estrogen hormone secreted by the ovarian follicle. As the follicle develops the level of this hormone increases and the endometrium thickens. This hormone is _______ | estradiol |
| an estrogen hormone secreted by the ovarian follicle. As the follicle develops the level of this hormone increases and the endometrium thickens. This is an example of a _________ feedback cycle. | positive |
| the production of this hormone increases markedly after the follicle ruptures and becomes the corpus luteum | progesterone |
| if fertilization of the egg does not occur, the corpus luteum disintegrates, hormone levels drop sharply and __________ starts | menstruation |
| this hormone is secreted by the developing embryo and its presence in the female urine is used in a common pregnancy test | human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
| the condition of carrying one or more embryos | pregnancy or gestation |
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kcshiker
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