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CB Lecture 5-6
Lipids, Membranes, and Membrane Transport
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the building blocks of proteins? | amino acid |
| What are the building blocks of fats/lipids/membranes? | fatty acid |
| What larger units does sugar build? | polysaccharides |
| What larger unit does nucleotides build? | nucleic acids |
| What surrounds all cells (and many viruses?) | a bilayer membrane composed of lipids and proteins |
| What do membranes do? | act as selective barriers; import and export; cell motility; cell signaling; |
| Membranes act as selective barriers between what? | cytoplasm and extracellular environment; and between organelles and the cytoplasm |
| What are phospholipids composed of? | 1) Fatty acids 2)Glycerol 3) Phosphate 4) A polar "head" |
| What does "amphipathic" mean? | hydrocarbon tail is hydrophobic and carboxyl group is hydrophilic |
| Which have double bonds, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? | Unsaturated fatty acids |
| Which contain single bonds, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? | Saturated fatty acids |
| Most double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids are...what? | "Cis" |
| What do the double bonds do to the hydrocarbon tail? | "Kinks" it |
| How does a fatty acid link to glycerol? | By removalof H2O which form an"ester" bond |
| Can you draw the Glycerol molecule? | Yes or No; draw it |
| When the ester bond link the fatty acid to glycerol, what does it form? | Either 1) Monoacylglycerol 2)Diacylglycerol 3) Triacylglycerol |
| Can you draw an Inorganic Phosphate molecule? | Draw it please |
| Phosphatidic acid | Simplest phospholipid; not found in cellular membranes |
| How is a polar head linked to phosphate? | via a phosphoester bond (-H2O) |
| Can you draw the choline, the ethanolamine, and the serine molecules? | Draw it please. |
| Which phospholids are not present in prokaryotes? | choline |
| Which phospholids are present in traces in prokaryotes? | Serine |
| Which phospholids are presented the most in prokaryotes? | Ethanolamine |
| What do these lipids stand for? a) PC b) SP c) PS | a) Phosphatidylcholine b) Sphingomyelin c) Phosphatidylserine |
| What do these lipids stand for? a) PE b) Cl c) PI | a) Phosphatidylethanolamine b) cholesterol c) Phosphatidylinositol |
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