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medterm dig and resp
digestion and respiratory systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | a condition in which contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
| inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) | inflammation of the terminal portion of the ileum (Crohn disease) |
| Crohn disease | inflammation of the colon; (ulcerative colitis) |
| barium enema (lower GI series) | barium is injected into the anus and rectum and x-ray images are taken of the colon |
| Hemoccult test | feces are placed on paper containing the chemical guaiac, which reacts with hidden(occult) blood. |
| an important screening test for cancer | Hemoccult test |
| liver function tests (LFTs) | measurements of liver enzymes and other substances in the blood. Enzyme levels increase when the liver is damaged (as in hepatitis) |
| examples of liver enzymes | ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase (alk phos) |
| high bilirubin (blood pigment) levels indicate | jaundice caused by liver disease or other problems affecting the liver |
| anastamosis | surgical creation of an opening between two gastrointestinal organs |
| examples of anastamosis | gastrojejunostomy, cholecystojejunostomy, and choledochoduodenostomy |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| GB | gallbladder |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease (Chrohn disease and ulcerative colitis) |
| NPI | nothing by mouth (nil per os) |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition (IV solutions are given to maintain nutrition) |
| mouth | opening that is the beginning of the digestive system |
| pharynx | throat |
| esophagus | tube that carries food to the stomach |
| stomach | organ that receives food from the esophagus and sends it to the intestine |
| duodenum | first part of the small intestine |
| jejunum | second part of the small intestine |
| ileum | third part of the small intestine |
| colon | large intestine |
| ileostomy | new opening of the third part of the small intestine to the outside of the body |
| gastralgia | pain of the stomach |
| cirrhosis | chronic disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells |
| cholelithiasis | abnormal condition of gallstones |
| jaundice | yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| asthma | spasm and narrowing of bronchi, leading to bronchial airway obstruction. |
| atelectasis | collapsed lung |
| atel/o | incomplete |
| -ectasis | indicates dilation or expansion |
| sputum test | a patient expels sputum by coughing and the sputum is analyzed for bacterial content |
| tuberculin test | agents are applied to the skin with punctures or injection and the reaction is noted. |
| tuberculin reaction | redness and swelling result in people sensitive to the test substance and indicate previous or current infection with tuberculosis |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide (gas expelled from the lungs) |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and emphysema) |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| O2 | oxygen (gas entering the blood stream through the lungs) |
| PE | pulmonary embolism (blockage of vessels in the lung by a blood clot) |
| PFTs | pulmonary function tests |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| VATS | video-assisted thoracic surgery (using small incisions and an endoscope) |
| epiglottis | flap of cartilage over the mouth of the trachea |
| larynx | voice box |
| bronchiole | small bronchial tube |
| pharyng/o | throat |
| bronch/o | tube that carries air from the windpipe to the lung |
| trache/o | windpipe |
| pneumon/o | lung |
| pneumonectomy | resection of a lung |
| laryngeal | pertaining to the voice box |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of the throat |
| tracheostomy | creation of an opening into the windpipe through the neck and insertion of a tube to create an airway |
| thoracentesis | insertion of a needle through the skin between the ribs and into the pleural space to drain a pleural effusion |
Created by:
laotracuata
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