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Biology Chapter3 Voc

Mrs. Williams

QuestionAnswer
adenosine triphosphate (ATP a molecule present in all living cells and acting as an energy source for metabolic processes(54)
adhesion the attractive force between unlike substances (51
alcohol
amino acid a carboxylic acid with an amino group; one of 20 monomers that form proteins (56
capillarity the reaction of a liquid surface with a solid; capillarity allows water to creep up the interior of a narrow vessel (51
carbohydrate an organic compound present in the cells of all living things and a major organic nutrient for humans (55
cell membrane the lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell (59
cohesion the attraction of like molecules to each other (51
condensation reaction a chemical reaction, also called dehydration synthesis, in which one molecule of water is produced (53
diabetes mellitus a disorder of glucose metabolism caused by insufficient insulin (60
dipeptide a formation from two amino acids bonded together by means of a condensation reaction (57
disaccharide a double sugar formed from two monosaccharides (56
fatty acid a monomer that is part of most lipids (58
functional group a structural building block that determines the characteristics of a chemical compound (53
hydrogen bond a weak chemical bond between the hydrogen atom in one molecule and a negatively-charged region of another molecule (50
hydrolysis the splitting of a molecule through reaction with water (54
hydrophilic referring to the molecular attraction to water (58
isomer one of two or more compounds that differ in structure but not in molecular composition (55
lipid a kind of organic compound that is insoluble in water, such as fats and steroids (58
macromolecule a very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules (53
monomer a repeated, single-molecule unit in a polymer (53
monosaccharide a simple sugar such as fructose or glucose (55
nucleic acid an organic molecule, DNA or RNA, that stores and carries important information for cell function (59
nucleotide a monomer of DNA and RNA, consisting of a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group (59
organic compound a compound that is derived from living things and contains carbon (52
peptide bond a covalent bond between two amino acids (57
phospholipid a complex lipid having two fatty acids joined by a molecule of glycerol (58
polar compound a compound with one side having a negative charge and the other side a positive charge (50
polymer a compound consisting of repeated linked monomers (53
polypeptide a long chain of several amino acids (57
polysaccharide a complex carbohydrate composed of three or more monosaccharides (56
protein an organic compound composed of one or more chains of polypeptides, which in turn are formed from amino acids (56
ribonucleic acid (RNA a nucleic acid composed of a single strand and distinguished from DNA by containing ribose and uracil (59
steroid
substrate a part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another; the reactant in any enzyme-catalyzed reaction (57
triglyceride a lipid made of three fatty-acid molecules and one glycerol molecule (58
wax a structural consisting of a long fatty-acid chain joined ot a large alcohol chain (59
Created by: bridget1995
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