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Biology Chapter3 Voc
Mrs. Williams
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adenosine triphosphate (ATP | a molecule present in all living cells and acting as an energy source for metabolic processes(54) |
| adhesion | the attractive force between unlike substances (51 |
| alcohol | |
| amino acid | a carboxylic acid with an amino group; one of 20 monomers that form proteins (56 |
| capillarity | the reaction of a liquid surface with a solid; capillarity allows water to creep up the interior of a narrow vessel (51 |
| carbohydrate | an organic compound present in the cells of all living things and a major organic nutrient for humans (55 |
| cell membrane | the lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell (59 |
| cohesion | the attraction of like molecules to each other (51 |
| condensation | reaction a chemical reaction, also called dehydration synthesis, in which one molecule of water is produced (53 |
| diabetes | mellitus a disorder of glucose metabolism caused by insufficient insulin (60 |
| dipeptide | a formation from two amino acids bonded together by means of a condensation reaction (57 |
| disaccharide | a double sugar formed from two monosaccharides (56 |
| fatty acid | a monomer that is part of most lipids (58 |
| functional | group a structural building block that determines the characteristics of a chemical compound (53 |
| hydrogen bond | a weak chemical bond between the hydrogen atom in one molecule and a negatively-charged region of another molecule (50 |
| hydrolysis | the splitting of a molecule through reaction with water (54 |
| hydrophilic | referring to the molecular attraction to water (58 |
| isomer | one of two or more compounds that differ in structure but not in molecular composition (55 |
| lipid | a kind of organic compound that is insoluble in water, such as fats and steroids (58 |
| macromolecule | a very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules (53 |
| monomer | a repeated, single-molecule unit in a polymer (53 |
| monosaccharide | a simple sugar such as fructose or glucose (55 |
| nucleic acid | an organic molecule, DNA or RNA, that stores and carries important information for cell function (59 |
| nucleotide | a monomer of DNA and RNA, consisting of a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group (59 |
| organic compound | a compound that is derived from living things and contains carbon (52 |
| peptide bond | a covalent bond between two amino acids (57 |
| phospholipid | a complex lipid having two fatty acids joined by a molecule of glycerol (58 |
| polar compound | a compound with one side having a negative charge and the other side a positive charge (50 |
| polymer | a compound consisting of repeated linked monomers (53 |
| polypeptide | a long chain of several amino acids (57 |
| polysaccharide | a complex carbohydrate composed of three or more monosaccharides (56 |
| protein | an organic compound composed of one or more chains of polypeptides, which in turn are formed from amino acids (56 |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA | a nucleic acid composed of a single strand and distinguished from DNA by containing ribose and uracil (59 |
| steroid | |
| substrate | a part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another; the reactant in any enzyme-catalyzed reaction (57 |
| triglyceride | a lipid made of three fatty-acid molecules and one glycerol molecule (58 |
| wax | a structural consisting of a long fatty-acid chain joined ot a large alcohol chain (59 |