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Ch 29 -

EXAM 3 Plant Kingdom

QuestionAnswer
Kingdom Plantae Nonvascular plants, Vascular plants without seeds, Seed plants
Kingdom Plantae Characteristics Multicellular eukaryotes, Well developed tissues, photosynthesis, cell wall-cellulose, (There is a great diversity among plants)
Generations alternate: 2n, n, 2n, n,...
Sporophytes __n; Gametophytes __n Sporophytes (2n); Gametophytes (1n)
Sporophytes (2n) produce... spores in sporangium
Spores develop into gametophytes
Gametophytes (1n) produce gametes
[Nonvascular plants] dominant generation gameotophyte
[Nonvascular plants] phloem and xylem? (Do not have vascular tissue) NO phloem, NO xylem
[Nonvascular plants] instead of vascular tissue they have... rhyzoids (instead of roots) and leaf-like structures (instead of leaves)
[Nonvascular plants] Flagellated sperm requires... outside moisture to reach egg
[Nonvascular plants] Hepatophytes - liverworts
[Nonvascular plants] liverworts reproduce... sexually or asexually (gemmae cups)
[Nonvascular plants] Bryophytes - mosses
[Nonvascular plants] Antheridium produce sperm
[Nonvascular plants] Archegonium produce eggs
[Nonvascular plants] Sporophyte produce spores
[Nonvascular plants] Mosses have _____, _____, _____ Foot, Stalk, Capsule (sporangium)
[Nonvascular plants] Mosses can’t transport... water to any height
[Nonvascular plants] Importance of Mosses: rock colonizers and peat
[Vascular plants without seeds] No seeds so... they use spores for dispersal
[Vascular plants without seeds] flagellated sperm requires... external moisture to swim to egg
[Vascular plants without seeds] dominant generation sporophyte
[Vascular plants without seeds] xylem and phloem? Yes, they do contain vascular tissue
[Vascular plants without seeds] xylem carries water
[Vascular plants without seeds] phloem transports sugar
[Vascular plants without seeds] Phylum Psilotophyta whisk ferns
[Vascular plants without seeds] whisk ferns... Looks like a whisk broom; No leaves - branches photosynthesize; Rhysome - horizontal anchor but not a true root
[Vascular plants without seeds] Phylum Lycopodophyta club mosses
[Vascular plants without seeds] club mosses... Produce spores on club-shaped strobili; Ex: ground pine
[Vascular plants without seeds] Phylum Equisetophyla horsetails
[Vascular plants without seeds] horsetails... Resemble horses’ tails; Equisetum – only genus in existence; Sometimes called scouring rushes because of the silica deposited in the cell walls
[Vascular plants without seeds] Phylum Pteridophyta ferns
[Vascular plants without seeds] ferns True leaves = Fronds; True roots; The young sporophyte is called a fiddlehead
[Seed plants] _____ and _____ use seeds to disperse Gymnosperms and angiosperms
[Seed plants] No water needed... to fertilize; use pollen tubes
[Seed plants] a seed has: a protective seed coat; an embryonic sporophyte (2n); stored food for seedling growth
[Seed plants] Gymnosperms Have naked seeds (not covered by fruit); 4 Phyla; Life Cycle
[Seed plants] 4 Phyla (3 discussed in text) Conifers, Ginko, Cycads
[Seed plants] Conifers... evergreens; largest group
[Seed plants] Ginko... valued as an ornamental and as a dietary supplement
[Seed plants] Cycads... palm-like trees
[Seed plants] Life cycle: Pollen cone, Seed cone, Pollination is by wind
[Seed plants] Pollen cone... contains microgametophyte (male)
[Seed plants] Seed cone... contains megagametophyte (female)
[Seed plants] Pollination is by wind.. no water needed for fertilization
[Seed plants] Angiosperms - the Flowering plants
[Seed plants] Angiosperms... All have flowers, The flower...know the following parts, Life cycle
[Seed plants] All have flowers Some have very small flowers, for example trees like oaks and birches
[Seed plants] The flower...know the following parts: Sepals most often green; Petals usually colorful; Pistil (female): stigma, style, ovary; Stamen (male): filament and anther
[Seed plants] Life cycle Often involves pollination by animals; The ovary wall develops into a fruit which surrounds (covers) the seeds
[Seed plants] Double fertilization: two sperm are used to make an embryo surrounded by endosperm (3N)
[Seed plants] The endosperm acts as a large... nutritive source for the embryo in the seed
Created by: chelsea_2010
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