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Gillambiology ch 1-9

gillambiology ch 1-9 review alphabetized list

QuestionAnswer
ABYSSALPLAIN What is the flat bottom of the deep ocean called?
ACTIVATION The energy required to start a chemical reaction is called the -?- energy.
ACTIVESITE The -?- is what we call the area of an enzyme where the substrates bind to it.
ACTIVETRANSPORT What process moves materials through a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration requiring energy?
ACTIVETRANSPORT the BIOCHEMICAL ENERGY of ATP can be used to concentrate atoms, a process known as -?-
ADHESION The attraction of different types of molecules to each other is called -?-
AIR The problem with Spallanzani's experiment is that the sealed flask not only kept germs out, but it also kept -?- out, so we could not be sure which was causing the microorganism not to grow in the gravy.
AIR the source of most of the atoms in an Oak table
ALASKA What state was most affected by the Exon Valdez oil spill?
ALGAE What does a GIANT SNAIL eat?
ALIVE According to appendix A, what is a common characteristic of both plants and animals?
ALLSCIENTISTSAGREE What causes a theory to turn into a law?
AMINOACIDS Proteins are made of monomers called -?-
ANAEROBIC glycolysis and fermentation are both -?-, (done without oxygen)
ANIMALS Saturated fats come from -?-
ANSWERQUESTIONS What is the job of a scientist?
APHIDS Ants and -?- often have a mutualistic relationship.
ARISTOTLE What was the name of the Greek philosopher who answered questions (but did not test them) over 2000 years ago?
ATOMIC What type of clock has a vibrating Cesium atom inside?
ATOMS The number of -?- on the product side and the reactant side of a chemical equation must be the same.
AUTOTROPHS Organisms that make their own COM are called -?-.
AUTOTROPHS organism that are able to make their own food. (self feaders)
AVERAGE The climate is a description of the -?- condition over many years.
BACTERIA Some types of -?- can eat sulfur that come out of smoker at the bottom of the ocean.
BACTERIA figure 3-14 what organism removes nitrogen from the air?
BASE Each nucleotide has three parts, a sugar, a phosphate group and a -?-
BIASED -?- presentation of facts can mislead people, without lying.
BIODIVERSITY -?- is never considered a renewable resource because once a species goes extinct it can never be replaced.
BIOLOGICAL What type of pest control is sustainable? figure 6-8
BIOSPHERE What is the next level (bigger and more complex) of organization above biome?
BLUE What color of light is chlorophyll-b the best at absorbing? fig 8-5
BONDS During all chemical reactions a change in the chemical -?- occurs.
BOREALFOREST What biome has the greatest variation of temperature in a year?
BURNING the process that converts chemical energy into heat and light very quickly.
CALVIN the second half of photosynthesis, aka the -?- cycle
CANCER -?- cells are often the easiest to kill using radiation.
CAPTAINPLANET For thousands of years the most common belief was that matter was made of earth, fire, wind, water, (life), just like -?-.
CARBOHYDRATES Both photosynthesis and chemosynthesis produce -?-
CARBOHYDRATES The -?- embedded in the cell membranes seem to help the cells identify each other.
CARBON Organic compounds always have two -?- atoms bonded together.
CARBONDIOXIDE The amount of -?- in the air affects the climate of the earth.
CARBONDIOXIDE The burning of fossil fuels increases the amount of -?- in the atmosphere
CARBONICACID Water and carbon dioxide react together to form -?-
CATALASE By ANALYZING DATA we learn that acids have the greatest ability to stop the action of what enzyme?
CELLCULTURE What is it called when a scientist grows cells in the laboratory?
CELLMEMBRANE What organelle controls the transport of materials in and out of the cell?
CELLULOSE A chemical in paper formed by chaining hundreds of glucose together.
CELLWALL The -?- is a structures not found in animal cells?
CENTRIFUGE A -?- is used to spin a test tube of broken cells during cell fractionation.
CFC 30 years ago the over use of -?- had created a hole in the ozone layer that blocks harmful radiation.
CHANGED According to appendix A, the control group consists of objects that are not -?-.
CHEMISTRY The first job of a scientist is to understand the -?- of life of a GREAT EGRET.
CHEMISTRYKIT What instrument could a scientist use to improve/replace his sense of taste?
CHLOROPHYLL The principal pigment in plants that absorbs light.
CHLOROPLAST What organelle makes sugar?
CHLOROPLAST where does photosynthesis occur in a cell?
CHROMATIN DNA all spread out in the nucleus.
CITRICACID the krebs cycle is also known as the -?- cycle
CLASSIFYING According to appendix A, -?- animals helps scientists understand living things better and discover relationships among them.
COHESION The attraction of similar molecules to each other is called -?-
COLUMN Elements with similar chemical properties can be found in the same -?- on the periodic table.
COM Living things get energy to force reactions by breaking down -?-
COMMENSALISM -?- occurs when two organism live closely together, one is benefitted and the other is unaffected.
COMMUNITY A herd of Bison and a flock of Turkeys and a town of Prairie Dogs together form a -?-
COMMUNITY What is the next level (bigger and more complex) of organization above population?
COMPOUND What do we call two or more elements bonded together into a molecule?
COMPUTERS Super -?- are know for their ability to MODEL and solve complex problems while predicting the future.
CONE The age-structure demographic diagram of a population with high birt rate and high death rate will look like a -?-
CONFLICTOFINTEREST There is a -?- when a scientist is motivated to find a particular answer in order to get more money or fame.
CONSERVATION Zoos, national parks/wilderness, government regulations are all parts of man’s attempt at the -?- of species.
CONTROLLED In a -?- experiment a scientist is trying to answer a question by comparing things.
CORK Robert Hooke made drawing of -?- cells he saw in his microscope.
COVALENT What type of bond would usually form between two non-metals.?
CUP According to appendix C, 236 milliliters is equal to 1 -?-.
CURRENT The weather is a description of the -?- conditions in an area.
CYTOPLASM What is the part of the cell between the nucleus and the outer membrane called?
CYTOPLASM where does glycolysis occur in a cell? fig 9-2
CYTOSKELETON -?- help transports materials through the cytoplasm?
DARK Carbondioxide is absorbed by plants during the -?- reactions of photosynthesis
DEMOCRITUS Who first believed that matter was made of Atoms?
DENSITY The population -?- tells us how close together the individuals are.
DEPENDENT According to appendix A, another name for the responding variable is the -?- variable.
DEPENDENT figure 5-5, in this diagram there are more density -?- factors limiting population growth.
DESCRIBE The first step in dealing with global climate change is to accurately -?- what is happening.
DIFFUSION What is it called when substances spread out moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration?
DISEASE What density dependent factor apparently was limiting human population growth between 1000-1500 A.D. figure 5-10
DISTURBANCES What causes ecosystems to be constantly changing? figure 4-9
DNA The information to direct all life processes is carried by a molecule called -?-
ECOLOGY The study of how organisms interact with their environments.
EIGHT how many Calories (kilocalories) are released during the respiration of 2 grams of glucose? approximately
ELECTRON Which sub-atomic particle has a negative charge?
ELECTRON Many of the organelles of a cell were not understood until after the invention of the -?- microscope.
ELECTRONS The behavior of an atom will depend mostly on the number of -?- it has.
ELECTRONS Water molecules are split in photosynthesis when -?- are stolen from them
ENERGY -?- flows through living things, while matter is recycled.
ENERGY -?- flows through living systems like our biosphere.
ENERGY the ability to move stuff or do work.
ENZYMES -?- function by reducing the activation energy of a reaction.
ENZYMES the rate of photosynthesis slows in high temperature due to a disruption of -?- function.
ESPA What law was passed in 1966, that made it illegal to do harm species of animals that had a low and decreasing population.
EUBACTERIA What kingdom do the prokaryotic cells with peptidoglycan cell walls belong in? appendix E
EVOLUTION The theory of -?- describes all life a being related by common ancestry.
EXPERIMENT What is the fourth step of the scientific method?
EXPONENTIAL -?- populations growth is never sustainable.
EXTINCTION Loss of habitat is the number one cause of species -?-.
FACILITATEDDIFFUSION What process can be called “sped up diffusion”?
FALSE Scientists try to use their 6 senses when making observations. (True or False)
FALSE There are thousands of different Atoms. (TRUTH or FALSE)
FALSE A eukaryotic cell is simpler than a prokaryotic cell? TRUTH or FALSE
FAST Most of the resources on the Earth can be classified as renewable or nonrenewable based on how -?- we use them.
FEEDING figure 4-5, The different species of birds in a spruce tree occupy different niches because their -?- heights are different.
FISHBONE By EXPLORING ECOLOGY FROM SPACE we see a -?- pattern of rain forest clearing in Brazil.
FISHES figure 3-8, what eats zooplankton?
FLAGELLA Both cilia and -?- are made of microtubules.
FLIES Francisco Redi proved that maggots were not spontaneously generated, but were the result of -?- laying eggs on the meat.
FORENSIC What type of scientist is often called upon to testify as an expert witness.
FOSSILFUELS The maximum sustainable population of the Earth (at least for now) has been greatly increased by the use of -?-.
FOUR Which graph on page 32 shows a population of flies that is not constantly changing?
FOUR How many calories are in 1 gram of sugar?
FRUITFLY According to DATA ANALYZING in ch-5, the carrying capacity of the -?- population is around 320 individuals.
FUEL One man with a tractor and -?- can do the same work of 500 men 500 years ago.
GATHER Animals must -?- COM
GECKO What animal uses van der Waals forces to climb a wall.
GERMINATE According to appendix A, observations seem to indicate that seeds will not -?- until they have been exposed to a period of low temperature.
GIBBOUS According to appendix A, after a full moon comes an old -?- moon.
GIGA What metric prefix means 1,000,000,000 (billion)
GLUCOSE Red blood cells use facilitated diffusion on -?-
GLYCEROL Lipids are made by connecting 3 fatty acid molecules to a -?- molecule.
GLYCOLYSIS although fermentations does not produce energy it does produce NAD and allow -?- to continue.
GOLD What element has 118 neutrons?
GOLGIAPPARATUS What organelle is like a packaging plant?
GRADUATEDCYLINDAR What instrument (tool) can a scientist use to measure volume?
GRAM What is the metric unit of mass?
GRAPHS What do scientists use to display and organize data?
GRAVITATIONALPULL An object’s weight is the amount of -?-
GREEN primary color of light not absorbed by chlorophyll molecules
HABITAT Loss of -?- is a limiting factor that is independent of density.
HEAT The climate of an area is affected by how the -?- on the earth is transported by winds and water currents.
HEAT all the energy animals consume eventually ends up as -?-
HEE Produced in the first part of photosynthesis when light strikes a chlorophyll molecule
HETEROTROPHS Organisms that collect COM from their environment are -?-.
HETEROTROPHS organism that get energy from the food they eat.
HIGH In Africa they often have a high birth rate and a -?- death rate, and thus a stable population size.
HOMEOSTASIS Living things maintain -?- by keeping the conditions inside their body always the same.
HOMEOSTASIS -?- is necessary in order to maintain proper conditions for enzyme function.
HORSE According to appendix A, what animal can be wild or can be a pet?
HYDROGEN Acids are chemicals that release -?- ions into a solution.
HYDROGENIONS what does atp synthase get the power to make atp?
HYDROXIDE Bases are chemicals that release -?- ions into a solution.
HYPERTONIC If a solution has a higher solute concentration than inside the cells then it is called -?-
HYPOTHESIS What word would best fill in the oval marked 1, in the diagram on page 30?
HYPOTHESIS Scientist do experiments to test a -?-.
ILLUMINATOR According to appendix D, what is the light on the bottom of a microscope called?
INDUSTRIAL Human activities such as modern agriculture, hunting, and the -?- revolution have had a great impact on the Earth’s landscape.
ION What do we call a charged atom?
IONIC What type of bond forms between a metal and a non-metal?
ISOTOPES The mass numbers on the chart are often include decimals because they represent the average of the different -?-
LACTICACID a product of fermentation occurring in human muscle cells
LARGE When a controlled experiment cannot be done (for example testing the affects of radiation on people), scientist can still answer questions by studying -?- groups.
LATITUDE The relative closeness of a location to the equator is known as the -?-, and has a great influence on the climate of that area.
LAW If all the scientists agree, a theory can become a -?-.
LIGHT The meter is defined by the distance -?-travels in 1/299,729,458 sec.
LIGHT Oxygen is produced during the -?- reactions of photosynthesis
LIMITING The biological productions of an ecosystem often depends on the availability of one nutrient known as the -?- factor.
LINE What type of graph is used to display trends (changes over time)?
LIPID According to the fluid-mosaic model, the cell membranes are composed of -?- bilayers.
LIQUID Water is unusual because it is a -?- at room temperature.
LITER What is the metric unit of volume for liquids?
LOW In Japan they have a low death rate and a -?- birth rate, and thus a stable population size.
LOWPOWER According to appendix D, which lens should you use first when viewing a new specimen?
LYSOSOME What organelle is responsible for digesting certain materials found in the cell and getting rid of old organelles and stuff? (Only in animal cells)
MAGNIFICATION In the process of biological -?- DDT became concentrated enough in eagles to lower the birth rate. figure 6-16
MANIPULATED In an experiment it is important that the things being compared are the same in every way accept one, that difference is called the -?- variable.
MASS Electrons are the sub-atomic particles with the least -?-
MASS the M of E=MCC
MATTER The water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles show us how -?- changes from a used state to a usable state.
MEASURE What do scientists do (while making observations) that produces all that data?
METALS The -?- are characterized by their tendency to be generous, and give electrons to other atoms.
METER What is the metric unit of length?
METRIC All scientist use the -?-system.
MICROSCOPE Cells were not discovered until the -?- was invented.
MILLI What metric prefix means 1/1,000 (thousandth)?
MILLIONS how many ATP are produced during the respiration of 2 grams of glucose
MITOCHONDRIA What organelle provides the energy for a cell?
MITOCHONDRIA where does the krebs cycle occur in a cell? fig 9-2
MIXTURE What do we call two or more chemicals together, but not bonded?
MODELS According to appendix A, -?- are usually made to help people understand natural objects and processes.
MOLECULES The number of -?- on the product side and the reactant side of a chemical equation may be different.
MOLECULES What is the next level (bigger) of organization above atoms?
MONOMERS What do we call molecules that can be chained together?
MOOSES figure 5-7, were there more mooses or wolves in 1980?
MOVEMENT the BIOCHEMICAL ENERGY of ATP can be used to cause -?-
MUTUALISM Type of symbiosis where both organisms are benefitted?
MYOSIN muscle cells are filled with fibers formed from actin and -?- protein.
NAD what chemical produced by fermentation is also needed by glycolysis
NADPH the energy form HEE is taken and used to create -?- by the electron transport chain.
NATURAL Science attempts to find answers to questions based on the -?- world.
NEEDS To lose weight you must eat fewer calories than your body -?-
NEUTRAL A pH value of 7 would indicate -?-
NEUTRALIZATION When an acid mixes with a base a -?- reaction occurs.
NEUTRON Which sub-atomic particle has no charge?
NEUTRONS Isotopes have the same name but a different number of -?-
NICHE No two species can occupy the same -?- at the same time.
NINE How many calories are in 1 gram of fat?
NITROGEN An element in the Amino group of an amino acid?
NOBLE-GASES The -?- are characterized by their lack of chemical reactivity, and the fact that they don’t give or take electrons.
NONMETALS The -?- elements are characterized by their tendency to be greedy, and take electrons from other atoms.
NOP Does the mass of an object change if we take it to the moon? (yes or nop)
NOP Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus? YES or NOP
NORTH figure 4-3, what direction do the water currents flow off the West coast of South America?
NOT Light microscopes can only be used to view dead organisms. (yep or not)
NOT The most common element in the human body is Water. (NOT OR YES)
NOT A cell put into salty water swells up. NOT or YEP
NUCLEIC DNA is an example of a -?- acid.
NUCLEICACIDS -?- have the function telling the cell what traits it will have.
NUCLEOLUS The organelle that is like a nucleus inside the nucleus?
NUCLEOTIDES The monomers used to make a DNA molecule are called -?-
NUCLEUS Electrons are the only sub-atomic particles not in the -?-
NUCLEUS What organelle acts as the control center of the cell?
NUMBEROFFLIES What was the resultant variable in the experiment results shown in the graph on page 33?
OBJECTIVE According to appendix D, what are the lenses called that sit closest to the specimen?
OBSERVATION What is the first step of the scientific method?
OPPOSITE the -?- of photosynthesis is respiration
ORGAN A group of different tissues working together?
ORGANELLES Lynn Margulis theorized that some -?- actually used to be free-living cells.
ORGANIC What does of “O” in COM stand for?
ORGANISM Everything that happens in an -?- is based on chemical reactions.
ORGANISM Many organ systems working together?
OSMOSIS What is it called when water diffuses through a semipermeable membrane?
PANCREAS -?- cells spend a lot of time producing proteins.
PATTERN What is the 2nd step of the scientific method?
PATTERNS What are scientists looking for while making observations?
PERIWINKLE What pink flower helps to treat cancer? figure 6-14
PH Buffers are chemicals that help control the -?- of a solution.
PHAGOCYTOSIS What is the process of cell eating called?
PHOTOSYNTHESIS figure 3-13, what is one process that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
PHOTOSYNTHESIS the process that converts light energy into chemical energy
PHYTOPLANKTON What are the primary producers of COM in aquatic ecosystems?
PIE What type of graph is use to compare the parts of something?
PINOCYTOSIS During -?- cells take in pockets of liquid.
PIONEER During ecological succession, a -?- species is the first to appear.
PLANTS -?- make their own COM
POLAR It is water’s -?- nature that makes it such a good solvent.
POLYMERIZATION What do we call the process of putting together monomers?
PORES Chemicals get in and out of the nucleus through the nuclear -?-.
POSITIVE the charge on a Hydrogen ion
PREDATION -?- occurs when one organism catches and eats another.
PREDATORS The removal of elk -?- from Yellowstone eventually resulted in a crash in the elk population.
PREDICT The third step in dealing with global climate change is to accurately -?- how things will be changing.
PREEXISTING According to the cell theory, every living cell today came from -?- cells.
PROTEIN Enzymes are a type of -?- that cause chemical reactions.
PROTEINS In the Golgi apparatus, -?- are modified prior to export by the cell.
PROTON Today experiments continue using tools like the Large Hadron Collider, in order to learn what a -?- is really made of.
PROTONS Elements are distinguished by the number of -?- they have.
PURIFICATION The ecosystem provides us the service of -?- of water. figure 6-22
PYRAMID The biomass in a -?- goes down by 90% for every level you go up.
PYRUVICACID a product of glycolysis
QUART According to appendix C, a liter is a little more than 1 -?-
RADIOACTIVE Some isotopes are unstable and -?-, so they can harm living cells.
REACTANTS The substances that are consumed by chemical reaction are called the -?-
RECYCLED Atoms are -?- by living systems like our biosphere.
REGULATIONS Government -?- try to reduce the impact of human activities on the Earth to a sustainable level.
RENEWABLE What type of energy sources will never run out?
RESPIRATION the process that converts chemical energy into other forms of energy in living things
RESPOND All living things -?- to their environment.
RESPONDENT Usually the results of an experiment are measured and that thing being measured is called the -?- variable.
RIBOSOME What organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
RIBOSOMES What does rough endoplasmic reticulum have on it making it so rough?
SACCHARUM What is the Latin word for sugar?
SALT 97% of the water on the earth is -?- water.
SALT A "spiky" looking red blood cell was probably placed in -?- water. salt or pure
SATURATED -?- fats are completely filled with hydrogen atoms.
SEM What type of microscope bounces electrons off the surface of a specimen.
SEM What type of electron microscope produces the best 3-D images?
SEQUENCE Proteins can vary in length and -?- of amino acids.
SEXUAL What type of reproduction requires two parent organisms?
SIX How many carbons in 1 glucose molecule?
SIX the number of carbondioxide molecules needed to make one glucose molecule
SMOOTH What type of endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosomes attached to it?
SOLUTE The concentration of a solution tells the number of grams of -?- per liter of solution.
SOLUTION What do we call a mixture that completely dissolves?
SOLVENT Water is the greatest -?- on Earth.
SPECIALIZATION During cell -?-, the embryonic cells "decide" what type of cells they will be.
SPECIES In the early days of Yellowstone the caretakers did not understand the complex interactions between -?-.
SPEEDOFLIGHT the C of E=MCC
SPONTANEOUSGENERATION People once believed that life could appear suddenly from not living substances, this was called -?-.
SPONTANEOUSLY Reactions that release energy may occur -?-
SPREADOUT figure 4-2, at higher latitudes solar energy is more -?-.
SPRINGSCALE What instrument (tool) can a scientist use to measure weight?
STABLE glucose is a better energy storage molecule than ATP because it is more -?-
STOMATA What is the holes called that are made in the surface of a leaf between two guard cells? fig 7-21
STOREENERGY Lipids are best used to -?- in living things.
STRONGACID A pH value of 2 would indicate a -?-
SUBSTRATES The -?- are the reactants of an enzyme caused reaction.
SULFURDIOXIDE What chemical comes from industry smoke stacks (burning coal) and contributes to the problem of acid rain? ch-6
SURFACE Hydrogen bonds are responsible for the cohesion of water molecules that create -?- tension.
SUSPENSION What type of mixture would cloudy substances like blood, and milk be?
SUSTAINABLE A high birth rate and low death rate is not -?-.
SYNTHESIS the BIOCHEMICAL ENERGY of ATP can be used in the -?- of proteins and nucleic acids.
TEM What type of microscope shines electrons through a thin specimen?
TEMPERATEFOREST What type of biome does Germany have?
TEMPERATURE What was the manipulated variable in the experiment on page 27?
TEMPERATURE A climate chart shows the -?- and the rainfall for each month.
TEN What is the pH of soap?
TESTED The answers given by scientists are not accepted until they are -?- by experiments over and over again.
TESTHYPOTHESIS Why do scientist do experiments?
THEORY the 5th step of the scientific method
THERMOMETER What instrument (tool) can a scientist use to measure temperature?
THOUSAND figure 3-7 (and the 10x rule) it would take 300 -?- pounds of algae to sustain a 30 pound shark?
THREE If you had a glass with 1650 million molecules of water, how many would be broken into hydrogen and hydroxide ions? pg 42
THREE the number of phosphate molecules on one ATP
THYLAKOIDS the hydrogen ions get trapped in the -?- until enough pressure builds up to push them through ATP synthase.
TROPICALSAVANNA What biome is always warm and has the most rainfall in May?
TRUTH There are thousands of different Molecules. (TRUTH or FALSE)
TRUTH Are bacteria cells prokaryotic cells? TRUTH or FALSE
TUBULIN Centrioles are made of a protein called -?-
TWELVE How many calories are in 3 grams of protein?
TWENTY There are more than -?- different amino acids used to make a proteins.
TWENTYFOUR the number of atoms in a glucose molecule
TWISTED The second level of protein structure has to do with the way the chain is -?-
TWO What would the density be of an object with the following measurements? mass = 20 grams volume = 10 cc length = 20 cm temperature = 30° C
TWO In a water molecule how many electrons does a hydrogen share with an oxygen atom.
TWO the number of ATP released during glycolysis of one sugar molecule
UNIVERSITIES Where do most scientists work?
UNLIMITED In the presence of -?- resources, a population can grow exponentially.
VACUOLE What organelle is like a storage tank, and is especially large in plant cells?
VACUUM electron microscopes can only be used on non-living matter placed in a -?-
VANDERWAALS What are the forces called that attract molecules to each other?
VOLUME What measurement is the amount of space an object takes up?
WATER one of the products of respirations
WAVELENGTH different colors of light have a different -?- fig 8-5
WEAK ASE
WEBS Food -?- are often used to illustrate who eats what because food chains are often not linear.
YES Are plant cells eukaryotic? YES or NOP
ZERO the number of ATP released during fermentation
Created by: danagillam
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