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biology:cell
cytology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a cell? | basic unit of life |
| what are the three ways cells differ? | shape, size and organization |
| what is the largest cell? | ostrich egg |
| what are the smallest cells? | mycoplasmas |
| how can cells be shaped? | like balls or boxes |
| how are they usually shaped? | the way they function |
| what does unicelluar mean? | one cell makes up an organnism |
| what does multicelluar mean? | cells make up the tissue of larger orgamisms |
| what is the cell theory? | all organisms are composed of cells cellls are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms new cells come from pre-existing cells though cell reproduction, all organisms are composed of cells and cell are the basic unit of structure/function |
| what is an organelle? | a small organ |
| where are organelles found? | inside cells |
| what are the main cells? | nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall |
| what surrounds the nucleus | nuclean membrane |
| what is the nucleus | the command center of the cell |
| what is the nuclear the nuclear membrane | porous; holds the nucleus together |
| what is chromatin material | long fibers composed of DNA and protein |
| what form of chromosomes is it | active |
| when are chromosomes visible | during cell division |
| what do chromosomes do | instructions for all cell functions, control cell reproduction, and carry the genes |
| what is chromatin | nondividing cells |
| what is the nucleolus | granules rich in RNA |
| why is RNA importantwhat is the cytoplasm | it produces protein by cells |
| where is the nucleolus found in the nucleus | the dark spot |
| what is the cell membrane | two-layered membrane that is the outer boundary of the cell |
| what is the cell membrane made of | protein and lipid molecules |
| what is the endoplasmic reticulum | group of channels that serve as a tranportation network for substances within the cell |
| what is the endoplasmic reticulum connected to | the nuclear and cell membrane |
| what are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum | smooth and ribosomes |
| what are ribosomes | tiny, grainy structures found in cells |
| what are the ribosomes used for | sites of protein synthesis |
| what are the types of ribosomes | those located on the ER that transfer their protein to the membrane and those that float free in the cytoplasm and release the protein directly in there |
| what are golgi bodies | collection of flat, saclike membrane located near the nucleus |
| what are the golgi bodies used for | packaged chemicals for storage or transport out of the cell |
| what are lysosomes | tiny packages of destructive enzymes held together by a membrane |
| what are the lysosomes function | breaks down food material and removes waste materials from the cell |
| what is the mitochondria | the powerhouse of the cell |
| how does the mitochondria described | the outer surface is covered by a double membrane and the inner surface is made up of a series of folds called cristae |
| what happens in the cristae | chemical reactions take place along the cristae to produce a chemical called ATP |
| what is ATP | cells get energy from to carry out their functions |
| where are plastids mainly found | plant cells |
| what are the types of plant cells | chloroplasts- contain chlorophyll, chromoplasts- contain any color than green(found in flower petals, skins of fruit. etc) and leucoplasts- clolorless plastids that serve as food storehouses(stores starch |
| what are vacuoles | bubble-like starches filled with air and other substances |
| what are the vacuoles main storage | torage of water, waste materials or food particles(found mainly in plant cells) |
| what are microtubules | hollow cylinders of protein |
| what do microtubules do | help support the cell and maintain it's shape; make up cilia and flagella that aid cells in movement; cell wall |
| where are cell walls mostly found | in plant cells |
| what is the cell wall composed of | cellulose |
| where does the cell wall lie | outside the cell membrane |
| what does the cell wall do | aids in the protection and support of the cell |
| what is the cytoplasm | clear, jellylike fluid surrounding the nucleus |
Created by:
cutiepii101
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