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micro microbial meta

QuestionAnswer
Metabolism changes in all chemical and physical changes of cells. 2 categories: catabolism and anabolism.
Catabolism larger molecules are degraded or broken down into smaller molecules, usually with the release of energy.
Anabolism biosynthesis, larger molecules are built from smaller ones, which results in the formation of cell structures.
Enzymes Special class of proteins, contains only protein
Catalysts chemicals that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without becoming part of the products or being consumed in the reaction.
Energy of activation Resistance to a reaction, which must overcome for reaction to proceed., id measurable.
Holoenzyme conjugated enzyme (have protein and nonprotein molecules)
Cofactors either organic of inorganic (metal ions) that many enzymes require to become functional.
Coenzymes organic factors that work in conjunction with the apoenzyme to perform a necessary alteration of the substrate.
Active site The actual pocket where the substrate binds. Also called a catalytic site.
Enzyme-substrate a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate(s). In the case of a single substrate, the substrate binds with the enzyme active site, and an enzyme-substrate complex is formed
Metallic cofactors Participate in precise function between the enzymes and the substrate. includes iron, copper, magnesium, zinc, cobalt, selenium.
Vitamins one of the most common components of coenzymes. May be required as growth factors for living things.
Exoenzymes transported extracelularly, where they break down large food molecules or harmful chemicals examples: cellulase, amylase and penicillinase
Endoenzymes remain in the cell and function there
Constitutive enzymes Always present and in relatively constant amount, regardless of the amount of substrate.
Regulated enzymes production of which is either turned on (induced) or turned off (repressed) in response to changes in concentration of the substrate or product
Created by: junkman3120
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