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Ch. 3 cells LT
ch. 3 cells: the basic unit of life mrs hacker
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the smallest unit of life that can perform all life processes | cell |
| a phospholipid layer that acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cells environment | cell membrane |
| one of the small bodies in a cells cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function | organelle |
| in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane bound organelle that contains the cells DNA and has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction | nucleus |
| an organism that consists of a single cell that does NOT have a nucleus | prokaryote |
| an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane | eukaryote |
| a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell only in plant cells | cell wall |
| cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of photosynthesis | ribosome |
| a system of membranes and assists in the production, processing, and transport of protein and the production of lipids | endoplasmic reticulum |
| the cell organelle that is surrounded by 2 membranes and is the site of cellular respiration | mitochondria |
| helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell | golgi complex |
| a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell | vesicle |
| a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes | lysosome |
| a group of similar cells that perform a specific common function | tissue |
| a collection of tissues that carryout the a specialized function of the body | organ |
| a group of organs that work together to perform specific functions | organ systems |
| a living thing, anything that can carry out life processes independently | organism |
| the arrangement of parts in an organism | structure |
| the specialized, normal, or proper activity of an organism or part | function |
| what are the three parts of the cell theory | 1. all organisms are made of 1 or more cells 2. the cell is the basic unit of life and all living things. 3. all cells come from existing cells |
| why are cells so small | because the volume grows faster than the surface area and it fills up to fast |
| all cells have.... | DNA cytoplasm and cell membrane |
| what does DNA stand for | Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid |
| What are the two main examples for prokaryotes | eubacteria and archaebacteria |
| Who was the original inventor of the microscope | Zaccharias Janssen and his father |
| How did the first microscope look like | in was several lenses in a long tube |
| what did Galileo do with the microscope | he heard about them and started inventing, he described the principles of lenses and light rayes and improved both the microscope and telescope; he added a focusing device |
| How did Leeuwenhoek get credit | he discovered that small lenses with great curvatures produced greater magnifying. he saw things no man had ever seen. |
| Who was the father of microscopy | Anthony Leeuwenhoek |
| Who was the scholar the used the microscope to look at fossils | Robert Hooke |
| what organelle is like UPS and delivers proteins | Golgi Complex |
| What organelle makes the proteins | ribosomes |
| What are the advantages of being multicellular | they have a longer life, you can be larger, and they can have specialized cells |
| why is living longer an advantage | This way you dont have to depend on one cell and when that dies you die, you have other cells that can maintain the organism |
| Why is having specialized cells and advantage | This way your cells are specialized function and the organism becomes more complex |
| Why is being larger an advantage | The organism will have less predators and can eat a variety or prey |
| What kind of tissues do animals have | They have nerve, muscle, connective, and protective |
| What kind of tissues do plants have | They have transport, protective, and ground tissues |
| What do transport tissues do | they move water and nutrients |
| What do ground tissues do | This is were photosynthesis occurs |
| what do protective tissues do | they cover the plant and protects them |
| What are some examples of organs | There are heart, kidney, liver, spleen, and stomach |
| What is an example of an organ system | digestive system, and nervous system |
| Mitochondria is a source of what | they are a source of power, they break down sugar and release them as ATP |
| What is the difference of rough and smooth endoplsmic reticulum | rough has robosomes and smooth does not |
| What does smooth endoplasmic reticulm make | they make lipids and break down toxins |
| What do chloroplasts do | They are only found in plant and algae cells and are used to make food |
| What are plant and algae cell walls made of | they are made of cellulose |
| What are fungi's cells walls made of | they are made of chitin |
| what is cellulose | it is a complex sugar that most animals cant digest |
Created by:
ltdancer97
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