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CellularReproduction

Cellular Reproduction

TermDescription
Chromosomes Made of DNA & protein; stage where chromosomes begin to coil & get thick to make "sister chromatin"
Genes Informational units; control activities
Chromatids 1 of the identical halves of the duplicated chromosomes; two chromatides make up chromosomes
Kintochore Spindle fiber that helps chromatin enter new cell; formed from proteins
Centromere Constricted region; the copy & original join together; contains kinetochore. GAMETES ARE PRODUCED!!!!
Chromatin during interphase Makes copy of self; proteins & other mat'l. synthesize
Chromosomes during mitosis Orderly distribution; copy & original joined by centromere
Cell Cycle Sequence of cell activities required for frowth & division
Interphase No cell divion occuring yet; 3 divisions
Interphase G1, G2 & S replication
G1 Phase meaning: "gap", typical daily life, but growing. Making proteins is main function. There is increased enzyme activity for DNA synthesis
G2 Phase Copying of organelles & cytosol; beginning of mitosis; increased protein synthesis
"S" Replication Stands for "SYNTHESIS". Copying of chromatin; chromosomes & protein synthese; DNA synthesis occurs as well as duplication
MT Organizing Center Opposite ends of cell; direction in which microtubles grow outward
Mitosis DNA splits!!! Parent cell sends 1 copy of every chromosome. 4 stages of mitosis. Division of nuclear material.
Prophase Longest cycle. Chromatin coils, chromosomes get thick. Nuclear envelope & nuclei disappear.
Metaphase Duplicated chromosomes line up parallel to equator. Shortest phase
Anaphase Chromosomes move towards the poles and the paired chromatids pull apart and seperate
Telophase Last stage. Nuclear envelope begins to reappear, returns to interpahse and the chromsomes uncoil
Cytokinesis Formation of two seperate daughter cells, starts telophase
Asexual Single parent splits itself to produce two or more individuals. Offspring inherit traits that are identical.
Sexual Two specialized sex cells. Offspring inherit gentic information.
Gametes Sex cells.
Diploid Cell or nucleus has two or more SETS of chromosomes. 2n . Cells resulting from oogenesis
Haploid Sperm only. Single set of chromosomes
Polyploid IMPORTANT TO PLANT EVOLUTION ONLY!!!! Three or more sets of chromosomes
Zygote Sperm and egg join. 2 gametes = zygote
Created by: denicek
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