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viruses
for quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| virus | consists of small piece of nucleic acid and a protein coat, some also have a membrane making it easier to enter the host cell and avoid detection by the immune system, some haev a tail and tail fibers |
| lytic cycle | virus injects its DNA, DNA takes over the cell, cell enzymes, ribsomes, etc., make virus parts, these parts assemble to form a new virus, the cell bursts releasing viruses |
| lysogenic cycle | virus injects DNA into host cell, this DNA incorporates itself into the host's DNA, when the host cell reproduces, it also copies the viral DNA, occasionally the viral DNA separates from the host and the lytic cycle ensues |
| viral diseases | influenza, aids, herpes, common cold, measles, mumps, polio, hepatitus |
| bacteria | most are heterotrophic, reproduce by binary fission, produce endospores when conditions become unfavorable |
| heterotrophic | eats other things |
| binary fission | asexual reproduction where a cell divides in half |
| endospores | a thick spherical structure with a thick outer coat which protects the DNA inside of it, these can lay dormant for years until conditions improve |
| bacterial characteristics | tough cell wall made of glycoproteins, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleic acid in cytoplasm sometimes foundin a ring structure called a plasmid |
| cocci | spherical shape |
| bacilli | rod shaped |
| spirilla | spiral shaped |
| uses of bacterial | yogurt bacteria ("live cultures"), butter, cheese, decomposers in soil, nitrogen fixing bacteria, e. coli in intestine, dill pickles, sour cream |
| protists | 1st eukarya,very diverse kingdom,most unicellular&free living(except for colonial/multicellular forms),fully membranous organelles, most complex on planet,all life functions happen in 1 cell,grouped by nutrition type,intracellular digestion,water excreted |
| protist groups | protizoans (animal like), fungus like, algae (plant like) |
| protozoans | zooflagellates, sarcodines, ciliates, apicomplexans |
| zooflagellates | use flagella for locomotion |
| sarcodines | use pseudopods for locomotion |
| ciliates | (ciliophora) use cilia for locomotion |
| apicomplexans | no self-motility |
| paramecium; a ciliate | food enters through oral groove, from there food swept into gullet, the into mouth pore, outpokets in cytoplasm become food vacuole, waste eliminated through anal pore, excess water removed by contractile vacuoleS |
| sarcodines | amoeba uses pseudopods to move and eat:cytoplasmic streaming enlarges part of the organism & it inches its way along, when 2 pseudopods surround and engulf prey, a food vacuole is formed (phagocytosis, pinocytosis, cyclosis |
| phagocytosis | cell eating |
| pinocytosis | when a cell forms a channel and pulls in large molecules dissolved in liquid, cell drinking |
| cyclosis | how cell circulates, cytoplasm |
| protists | 1st eukarya, super diverse kingdom, most unicellular and free lving (except for colonial and multicellular forms), fully membranous organelles, the individual cells are the most complex cells on the planet, all life functions occur within its one cell |
| grouped by nutrition type, intracellular digestion, waste is excreted and gas exchanged by diffusion, excess water is removed by the contractile vacuole, reproduce by conjugation and binary fission |
Created by:
mgorcz
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