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Biology Chapterr 5

5.1 5.2 5.3

QuestionAnswer
carbon-based molecule organic molecule
non-carbon-based molecule inorganic molecule
organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms hydrocarbon
group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other molecules functional group
attracts water molecules hydrophilic
small molecular unit that is the building block of a larger molecule monomer
long chain of small molecular units (monomers) polymer
organic compound made of sugar molecules carbohydrate
sugar containing one sugar unit monosaccharide
sugar containing two monosaccharides disaccharide
long polymer chain made up of simple sugar monomers polysaccharide
polysaccharide in plant cells that consists entirely of glucose monomers starch
polysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers glycogen
polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell wall cellulose
one of a class of water-avoiding compounds lipid
avoids water molecules hydrophobic
organic compound consisting of a three-carbon backbone (glycerol) attached to three fatty acids fat
fat in which all three fatty acid chains contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms saturated fat
fat with less than the maximum number of hydrogens in one or more of its fatty acid chains unsaturated fat
lipid molecule with four fused carbon rings steroid
steroid molecule present in the plasma membranes of animal cells cholesterol
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