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Chapter 4 Vocab

Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Passive Transport a movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy from the cell.
Concentration Gradient a difference in the concentration of a substance across a space.
Equilibrium a condition in which the concentration of a substance is equal throughout a space.
Diffusion a movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration caused by random motion of particles of the substance.
Osmosis the diffusion of water through a selectivel permable membrane.
Hypertonic Soluution a solution that causes a cell to shrink because of osmosis.
Hypotonic Solution a solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis.
Isotonic Solution a solution that produces no change in cell volume because of osmosis.
Ion Channel a transport protein with a polar pore through which ions can pass.
Carrier Protein a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane.
Facilitated Diffusion the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins.
Active Transport a transport of a substance across the cell membrane against its concentration gradient.
Sodium-Potassium Pump a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into a cell.
Endocytosis the movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle.
Exocytosis the movement of a substance by a vesicle to the outside of a cell.
Receptor Protein is a protein that blinds to a specific signal molecule.
Second Messenger acts as a signal molecule in the cytoplasm.
Created by: Brit2014
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