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chapter6 terms
photosynthesis & respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | process in which autotrophs make their own food using the energy in light and CO2 and H2O |
| Photosynthesis Equation | 6CO2+6H2O (light)⇒C6H12O6+6O2 |
| Van Helmont’s Experiment | He found the mass of a pot of dry soil and a small seeding. Then he planted the seed for 5 years and found the mass gained 75 kilograms while the mass of soil almost unchanged. He concluded that most of the mass come from water |
| Joseph Priestly’s Experiment | took a candle, placed a glass jar over it, and the flame died out., then in the presence of light, a plant placed inside the jar releases oxygen, and allow the candle to be relighted. The candle continues to burn as long as enough oxygen is available |
| Autotrophs | organism that is able to use a source of energy to produce its food from inorganic raw materials |
| Heterotrophs | organism that cannot produce its own food but obtains energy from the food it eats |
| Pigments | colored substance that absorbs or reflects light |
| Chlorophyll | principal pigment in the cells of photosynthetic autotrophs that captures light energy |
| AMP, ADP, ATP | compounds that stores energy in cells |
| NADP+ and NADPH | NADP+ is an electron carrier. The conversion of NADP+ to NADPH is one way in which some of the energy of sunlight can be trapped in chemical form |
| Light Reaction | reaction of photosynthesis that require light |
| Dark Reaction | reactions of photosynthesis that do not require light but use energy produced and stored during light reactions to make glucose |
| Photosystems | 光合体系 : cluster of pigment molecules within a photosynthetic membrane |
| Thylakoid | 类囊体 |
| Stroma | 基质 |
| Granum | stack of thlokoid叶绿体基粒 |
| Electron Transport | process in which high-energy electrons are transferred along a series of electron-carrier molecules in a membrane |
| Calvin Cycle | name give to the cycle of dark reactions in photosynthesis |
| Glycolysis | 糖醇解作用 : production of ATP by the conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid丙酮酸 |
| Respiration | 呼吸作用: process that involves oxygen and breaks down food molecules to release energy |
| Aerobic Respiration | respiration that requires oxygen 有氧呼吸 |
| Anaerobic Respiration | respiration that doesn't require oxygen无氧呼吸 |
| Krebs Cycle | 克雷布斯循环，三羧酸循环: continuing series of reactions in cellular respiration that produces carbon dioxide, NADH, and FADH2 |
| Fermentation | 发酵 : process that enables cells to carry out energy production in the absence of oxygen; breakdown of glucose and release of energy in which organic substances are the final electron acceptors |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | 乳酸发酵 : anaerobic process of glucose breakdown that produces lactic acid |
| Alcoholic Fermentation | 酒精发酵：fermentation that produces alcohol |
Created by:
liangxinyi
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