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Chapter 6
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | the process in which plants convert sunlight into energy in chemical bonds |
| Photosynthesis Equation | carbon dioxide + water + (light)----> carbohydrate +oxygen |
| Van Helmont's Experiment | He planted a tree and took care of it for 5 years and noticed that it gain 75 kilograms in weight. However he found that the mass of the soil was unchanged. His experiment proves that water creates carbohydrates in photosynthesis. |
| Joseph Priestly Experiment | He put a glass jar over a candle and watched it go out. Then he put a small mint plant under the jar and lit the candle, put the jar on top and it burned for a long time. |
| Autotroph | organisms that are able to use a source of energy such as sunlight, to produce food directly from simple inorganic molecules in the environment. |
| Hetrotroph | Organisms that obtain energy through the food they eat. They can eat Autroph's other Hentroph's or both. |
| Pigments | colored substances that absorb or reflect light. |
| Cholorphyll II | Principle green pigment in plants. |
| AMP, ADP, ATP | ATP is a way in which light is trapped in a chemical form. ADP + AMP = ATP. |
| NAD+ and NADPH | NADP+ is an electron carrier. NADPH is when NADP+ takes on two highly charged electrons and changes to NADPH. |
| Light Reaction | when the energy of sunlight is captured and used to make energy storing compounds |
| Dark Reaction | second stage of photosynthesis, uses the the energy stored in NADPH and ATP to produce glucose. |
| Photosystems | A cluster of pigment molecules |
| Thylakoid | each of a number of flattened sacs inside a chloroplast, bounded by pigmented membranes on which the light reactions of photosynthesis take place, and arranged in stacks or grana. |
| Stroma | |
| Granum | stack of thylakoids |
| Electron Transport | when high-energy electrons are transferred along a series of electrons carries in the photosynthetic membrane |
| Calvin Cycle | Dark reactions in photosynthesis |
| Glycolysis | a series of enzymes catalyzes chemical reactions that change glucose, one step at a time, into different molecules. |
| Respiration | The process that involves oxygen and breaks down food molecules to release energy. |
| aerobic | a process that requires oxygen |
| anerobic | a process that does not require oxygen |
| Krebs cycle | first set of reactions in respiration |
| Fermentation | enables cells to carry out energy production in the absence of oxygen |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | A type of fermentation that produces lactic acid |
| Alcoholic Fermentation | A type fermentation that produces alcohol |
Created by:
knovak2014
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