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Mrs. T's New Chem
Mrs. T's New Chem Stack
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| main ingredient of roughage | cellulose |
| ion with a positive charge | cation |
| monosaccharide that provides cells with energy | glucose |
| 3 parts of a nucleotide | sugar, phosphate, and a base :) |
| functions of lipids | protect, insulate, energy |
| type of carb sucrose is | disaccharide |
| why do molecules form | electrons are transferred or shared |
| atoms that share electrons form ??? bond | covalent |
| weakest bonds in living cells | hydrogen |
| fundamental properties of each protein are determined by... | protein composition, which then determines shape |
| universal solvent | water |
| positively charged particles in nucleus of atom | protons |
| what does organic mean | contains both C and H |
| building blocks of carbs | monosaccharides |
| monomers of lipids | fatty acids and glycerol |
| define metabolism | catabolism plus anabolism |
| monomers of proteins | amino acids |
| ATP structure is most like that of... | DNA nucleotide |
| define transcription | when DNA opens up and a strand of mRNA is formed |
| functions of FDA | regulate tobacco, veterinary and human drugs, approval of cosmetics |
| type of organic molecule that carries out almost all the cellular functions | proteins |
| what does pH measure | hydrogen ion concentration |
| higher pH value means... | less hydrogen ion concentration |
| what holds amino acids together | peptide bonds |
| polysaccharide that is storage form of glucose | glycogen |
| = numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions | neutral |
| where is energy in ATP located | phosphate bonds |
| name some proteins | actin, myosin, hemoglobin, insulin |
| elements that proteins contain | SNOCH or CHONS :) |
| stage of respiration when glucose is split into pyruvic acid | glycolysis |
| type of amino acids that must be consumed | essential |
| function of electrolytes in body | carry electrical impulses, maintain osmotic balance in cells, maintain pH balance |
| double-stranded nucleic acid | DNA |
| type of molecule cholesterol is, and function | lipid, used to synthesize steroid hormones |
| function of enzymes | increase rate of reactions |
| caloric intake greater than TMR | gain weight |
| most important energy compound in organisms | ATP |
| fat soluble vitamins | ADEK |
| another name for enzymes, and how they work | organic catalysts, by induced fit |
| what happens to water soluble vitamins | not stored in body, eliminated in urine |
| molecule of last resort for a starving person | protein |
| metabolic pathway of Central Dogma | DNA, RNA, amino acids, proteins |
| organ which regulates overall metabolic state | pancreas |
| foods that provide fiber | derived from plants |
| lipids that make up cell membrane | phospholipids |
| single strands made of U, A, C, G | mRNA and tRNA |
| organ that depends completely on glucsoe for energy needs | brain |
| what is energy from glucose used to do | attach a P to ADP, which is called phosphorylation |
| main concept of Central Dogma | genes are chemical codes for proteins, which are necessary for carrying out chemical life functions and building cells |
| how does a human end up with different types of cells | diff genes are turned on, therefore diff SOB, diff SOA, diff proteins, therefore diff cells |
| why is protein anabolism essential to life | most structures are made of protein, and enzymes are proteins, so synthesis of proteins is necessary to build cells and carry out cell functions...LIFE |
| what effect do gene mutations have | diff SOB, diff proteins, cells might not function properly, perhaps death |
| know how to label enzyme, substrate, and products on a diagram | |
| know how to transcribe DNA into mRNA, then read sunburst codon chart to translate into chain of amino acids |
Created by:
thomase
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