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Acid/ Base- pH
Human Needs - Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Blood | typically alkalonic |
| pH range N | 7.35-7.45 ( determines if acid/base) |
| acidosis | < 7.35 ( Down the pH) |
| alkalosis | >7.45 (Kickin up the pH) |
| Drug used in Acidosis: | sodium bicarb. |
| pC02 | 35- 45 mmHg (resp acid or resp base) |
| HCO3 | 22-26 mEq/L ( met. acidosis or met alkalosis) |
| p02 | 80-100mm Hg ( oxygen status) |
| Lab work | arterial blood gases( blood drawn) |
| Allen Test*** | making sure ulnar artery (radial stick)- acid vs. alkaline |
| *ROME* | R- Resp. O- Opposite M- Metabolic E- Equal |
| Resp. Acidosis | Hypoventilation- < 7.35, incr. CO2 and incr. H+ ( decr. pH) ** (symptoms) headache, hypercalemia, muscle weakness, |
| Resp. Acidosis Treatment | remove excess CO2, **Give oxygen cautiously** |
| resp. Alkalosis | hyperventillation, incr. heart rate, ( pregnancy) symptoms: tinnitis, rapid breathing, hypokalemia |
| resp. Alk. TREATMENT | breath in brown paper bag |
| Resp. Acidosis Causes | OD, Pulmonary Edema, COPD, chest trauma, neuromuscular disease, bronchitis,pneumonia |
| Nursin' Considerations for Resp. Acidosis | breathe deeper, cough-> gas exchange |
| Resp. Alkalosis Causes | incr. rate, fever, anxiety attacks, pregnancy, high altitudes |
| Metabolic Acidosis | incr. in acids: diabetes, starvation, renal failure, cirrhosis, OD, hyperkalemia |
| Met, Acidosis Symptoms | Kussmaul resp (fruity smell in urine), changes in LOC, coma, pH< 7.35; Bicarb< 22 |
| Met. Alkalosis | incr. in bicarb, decr in acid(***Major problem) |
| Met. Alk, cause | K+ deficit, loss of gastric juices |
| Met. Alk symptoms | bicarb> 26, shallow, slow resp., pC02 in normal limits |
| Met. Alk. TREATMENT | Give NaCl and K= |