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Integumentary p. 53+
Integumentary System p. 53-57
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Integument | skin, nails, hair, sweat glands, all of the structures we find in the dermis |
Dermatology | study of skin |
Epidermis | epithelial layer- stratified squamous epithelium |
Dermis | layer where we find connective tissue & many other structures; inner layer of the skin |
Subcutaneous Layer | beneath the skin, adipose tissue found here |
Keratin | wax-like protein, fills the dead cells in the epidermis, also in nails and hair |
Melanin | pigment in our skin, made by cells called melanocytes, UV light causes and increase in production of melanin, purpose is to protect dermis from UV light |
Melanocytes | produce melanin, all humans have approximately the same number, the difference is how much melanin the make; found near the basement membrane |
Stratum Basale | bottom/base layer; cuboidal cells that are dividing are found here, also melanocytes; function is to replace cells that are being lost |
Stratum Corneum | outer layer; find dead squamous cells that are filled with keratin; function to protect from friction, barrier- keeps out infection and keeps in moisture (water) |
Papillae | ridges at top of dermis, used for grip; mostly on our hands and feet, visible on our skin |
Receptors | detect changes in the dermis; sensitive to change, touch, thermal |
Connective Tissue | mostly collagen with a little elastin; function is strength & stretch |
Blood Vessels | function: transport nutrients, pick up waste, distribute heat, help control body temperature |
Nerves & Receptors | function: detect changes, send information about those changes to the central nervous system (brain & spine) |
Sebaceous Glands | always connected to a follicle; make sebum, keep moisture in |
Sudoriferous Glands | sweat glands |
Apocrine Glands | armpits & groin; respond to stress/excitement; go all the way down into the subcutaneous layer; contains oils that give sweat odor; form of communication |
Eccrine Glands | respond to temperature; sweat is mostly water with a little bit of salts; helps cool us |
Pacinian Corpuscles | larger & deeper; pressure sensors on the skin; found on internal organs as well as tendons & ligaments |
Meissner Corpuscles | closer to the surface; sensitive to a lighter touch; help us to feel texture |
Arrector Pili Muscles | attached to the base of hair follicles; communication, insulation-control body temperature |
The Subcutaneous Layer | adipose tissue for insulation, cushion & storage |
Hair Follicles | used as pores for sebaceous & apocrine glands, grow hair (sometimes) |