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Chemistry in Biology
Chapter 6 Chemistry in Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is chemistry? | science that studies the structure, composition, and properties of matter |
| What is matter? | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| What are the three types of matter? | elements compounds mixtures |
| What are elements? | the building block of matter. it cannot be broken down and is only made up of one atom |
| What are compounds? | 2 or more elements held together by a chemical bond. It is made up of pure substances. |
| What are mixtures? | physical combination of different elements and compounds. |
| What are the two types of compunds? | ionic and covalent |
| What is the periodic table? | A table that organizes all the 115 known elements. Each element has a unique name and symbol. |
| What are the three building blocks of elements and compounds? | atoms ions molecules |
| What is an atom? | the smallest unit of matter. It makes up an element. |
| What are ions? | charged atoms. they are either positive or negative. |
| What are molecules? | a combo of 2 or more atoms of the same or different elements. |
| What are radioactive isotopes. | isotopes that decay or break apart and give off radiation. |
| What is a half life? | the amount of time it takes for half a sample to decay. |
| What is a radioactive isotope? | a nucleus that breaks apart and gives off radiation. |
| What are hydrocarbons? | compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon |
| Name the three characteristics of compounds | Specific combination of elements Chemically and physically different than the used elements Can only be broken down chemically |
| What is an ionic bonds? | a bond when electrons are transferred |
| What are covalent bonds? | when electrons are shared |
| A polar covalent bond is? | unequal sharing of H2O |
| A non polar covalent bond is? | equal sharing of H2O |
| What is a Lewis-dot diagram? | a diagram that shows the number of electrons in an atom's outer shell |
| A chemical reaction is? | living things' atoms being rearranged into new substances |
| Reactants are? | starting substances |
| Products are? | ending substances |
| Yields are? | react to form |
| What is the Conservation of Matter/ Mass? | matter cannot be created or destroyed matter will always add up |
| Water is? | most important molecule of life |
| What percentage of water covers earth? | 70% |
| What is the universal solvent? | water |
| What is an acid | substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
| What are bases? | substance that releases hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| What are buffers? | mixtures that react with acids or bases to keep the pH in a neutral range |
| What is biochemistry? | the chemistry of living things |
| What is organic chemistry? | the chemistry of carbon-based molecules |
| What are the four most important elements that a living thing needs? | carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen |
| What are the four organic compounds? | carbohydrates proteins lipids nucleic acids |
Created by:
angelchocolate
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