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Stack #73272
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name 4 characteristic of an animal | Eukaryotic, Lack cell walls, Multicellular, Heterotrophs |
| How do animals obtain food? | Animals take food into their bodies and digest it there. Most animals have a digestive cavity, an internal sac or tube in which digestion occurs. |
| Blastula | Constists of a single layer of cells surrounding a hallow cavity |
| Gastrula | One side of the blastula folds inwards forming an embryonic stage |
| Larva and Metamorphosis | an immature form of an animal that looks different from the adult form and usually eats different food. When if goes under change of body form its called Metamorphosis |
| Inverts vs Verts | Inverts: animals without backbones and they live under rocks or rocks on a stream bottom. They make up 95% of most animals on earth. Verts: Animals with backbones and live in marine and fresh water habitats |
| Sponges are under what Phyla? | Porifera |
| characteristics of phy. porifera | lacks true tissues and organs and are the simplest animals. Most different types of cells ina sponge are relativley unspecialized |
| Collar Cells what is the structure and function? | they have flagella. they generate water currents that move water through the sponges pores and enter the central cavity as water flows through the sponges body it is filtered foor food particles mostly in bacteria. |
| Amoebocytes structure and function | they pick up food from the collar cells, digest it and carry nutriend to other cells. they also transport oxy, dispose of waste and change into other cell types for support structures. |
| Poriferas Nervous system | NONE |
| Porifera reporduction | asexually and sexually |
| Porifera digestive tract | Amoebocytes |
| Porifera circulatory system | Amoebocytes |
| Porifera gas exchange | diffusion |
| Cnidaria body characteristics | radial symmetry and tentacles with stringing cells, contracting microfillaments, supported by water, and has ecto and endoderms |
| Radial Symmetry(what is it) | body parts arranged like pieces of pie aroun dan imaginary central axis |
| Cnidocytes | specialized cell in cnidarians that function as defense and captures pray |
| Nemotocyts | Contains a fine tubule that often has a poisonous barb at the end. if it is released it puts poison in its pray and they can only use it once |
| Gastrovacular Cavity | The mouth that leads to the digestive tract |
| Medusa | an umbrella-shaped form with fringes of tentacles around the lower edge. example: Jellies |
| Polyp | A cylindircal body with tentacles radiating from one end example: Hydra |
| Class Syphozoa | Jellies that have most of their lives in the medusa stage. some of the largest species are 2 meters in diameter and have tentacles more than 100m long. |
| Class Hydrozoa | Hydras, some corals, and the large Portuguese man-o-war. They can serve as habitats for other animals |
| Class Anthozoa | Includes the sea anemones and most coral animals. they can have the polyp body for this species. they live in their sessile form |
| Flatworms is under which class? | Platyhelmenthes |
| Body of a flatworm | Bilateral symmetry, eye spots, and revieve cluster in head, runs longitudially, and has true muscle tissues |
| Bilater symmetry(what is it?) | a body plan in which an animal can be divided into 2 equal sides only |
| What are the 3 tissues of Platyhementhes | Mesodem, Endoderm, Ectoderm |
| what does the Mesoderm devalope into? | a internal tissue filled region |
| What does the Ectoderm devalope into? | body covering |
| What does the Endoderm develope into? | Digestive Sac |
| What is locomotion? | movement of an animal |
| What are the 3 classes of Platyhementhes? | Turbillaria, Trematoda, and Cestoidea |
| Example of Turbellaria | theyre non-parasitic and marine. an example is the Planarians |
| Example of Trematoda | Flukes. |
| Whats the cycle of flukes? | 1.Fluke Larvae infect human and mature in intestine. 2. Reporduce sexually. 3. Fertilized egg exists hosts feces and eggs hatch in water. 4. larvae infects snails. 5. Larvae reporduces asexually in snails and offspring infects humans |
| Example of Cestoidea | Tapeworms. Parastitic and infestinals paraste |
| What is Roundworms Phyla? | Nematoda |
| Characteristics of Nematoda | small, pointed heads and tapered tails |
| What is a complete digestive tract? | Two openings, at the mouth and anus, at opposite sides of a continous tube |
| What phyla do segmented worms go under? | Annelida |
| What is a closed circulatory system? | The blood remains contained within vessels and nutrients, oxygen and wastes diffuse throught the vessel walls. |
| What are Acoelomates? | Animals that lack a body cavity(flatworms). they have an open circ system and no true tissues |
| What are Psuedoceolomates? | Fluid filled body cavity in direct contact with the digestive tract (roundworms) (Roundworms). Fake cavity and open circulatory system |
| What are Coelomates? | Fluid filled cavity that is completely lined by tissue that originated in the embryo from mesoderm tissue examples: Segmented Worms (annelida), Mollusca. |
| What are the 3 classes of Annelida? | Hirudinea, Oligotchea, and Polychaeta |
| Examples of Hirudinea | Leeches (parasitic) |
| Examples of Oligochaeta | Earth worms |
| Examples of Polychaeta | Sandworms |
| Body of a Molluska | Mantle, Radula , Muscular foot |
| what is a mantle? | An outgrowth of the body surface that drapes over the animal. they produce the shell for example for the clams and snails. they function in repiration, waste disposal and sensory respiration |
| What is a Radula? | animals that use a radula drill through shells or pray on other mollusks or aquatically extend from the mouth and slides back and forth. |
| What type of tissue thing are they? | COELOMATES |
| What are the 3 classes? | Gastropoda, Bilivia, Cepholopoda |
| Example of Gastropoda | Make up the largest groups of mollsks and they have a single shell that is often sprial shaped. Ex. Snails and Slugs |
| Example of Bilivia | Oysters, clams, musscles, and scallops. |
| Example or Cepholopoda | Squid, Octopus, Chambered Nautilis |
| Phyla Echinoderms! | Lack body sgments, and in most adult forms the external parts of the anila radiat efrom the center like spokes of a wheel |
| what is a Endoskeleton? | Spines and Plates are parts of a hard internal shell |
| What is a water vascular system? | A network of watter-filled canals |
| What is Regeneration? | Tubefeet and whole arms that are damaged or lost are readily regrown |
| What is Bilateral Symmetry? | a body plan in which animals can be divided in only 2 equal sides |
| What are the 6 classes. we only need to know 4 | Echinoidea, Ophroidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea, Crinoidea, Concentriclyoidea |
| Example of Echinodiea | Sea Urchines. Sphericle and have no arms they have tubefeet |
| Example of Ophiroidea | Brittle Stars, long thin arms that are attached to a central disk and their tube feet dont have suckers |
| Example of Holothuroidea | Sea Cucumbers. lack sppines and are elongated like a cucumber. |
| Example of Asteroidea | Sea Stars |
| Protostomes | the coelem forms from solid masses of cells in the embryo. 1. Eight-Cell-Stage: two layer of the cell are offset.2. Solid masses of mesoderm tissue split and form coelom. and mouth developes into blastopore |
| Dueterostomes | the coelom forms from a portion of the digestive tube of the early embryo. 1. Eight-Cell-Stage: two layers of cells are aligned 2. Outward buldges of devopoing digestive tract form coelom and Anus Devalopes from Blastopore |
| Examples of Protostomes | Molluska, Annelids and Arthropods |
| Examples of Deuterostomes | Echinoderms |
| How did Life Begin? | 1.Early Colonial protest 2. Hallow Sphere, 3. Begginging of cell specialization. 4. Infolding. 5. Gastrula-like animal |
| What does Arthropod mean? | Characterized by their segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and hard externam skeletons |
| Head of an Arthropod | Fused segemtns bearing sensory antennae, eyes, and mouthparts |
| Thorax | The middle section of an arthropod |
| Exoskeleton. Chitin | the exoskeleton consits of layers of proteins mixed with polysaccharide |
| Molting | an arthropod grows it must periodically shed its old exoskeleton and secret a larger one |
| Nervous system..Ganglia | All alon gthe nerve cord are clusters of never cell bodies |
| Compound eyes | With many facests, each with its own lens |
| What is Cephalization? | The trend to locate nerves and sensory organs |
| Resporitory..Tarachae | terrestrial arthropods, chitin-lined tubes that lead from the internal parts of the boy to the outside |
| Spiracles | Tarachae allows the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen through the holes in the exoskeleton |
| Class. Arachnids | Spiders, Scorpions, Mites and ticks |
| Cepholothorax | two body sections are a fused head and thorax |
| Chilicerae | Fanglike mouthparts used to paralyze pray |
| Pedipalps | Mouth like parts typically used to manipulate prey once it has been paralzyed |
| Malpighian tubules | Removes wastes from the fluid in the body cavity. Work with the gut in reducing water loss by reabosorbing most water before wastes leave the body |
| Book Lungs | Specialized respiratory structures. they exchange gasses with the atmosphere through an opening in the exoskeleton |
| Spiders | Characterized as hunters or weavers. Hunters consists of tarantulas and wolf spiders that roam the ground seatching for pray, the weavers wait for pray and catch prey in a web that they abodment all spiders produce silk. |
| Scorpions | the tip of the tail is a poisonous string and they eat insects and spiders |
| Mites and Tics | they are parasites that suck sap from plants of blood from mammals. they can transmit serious deseases to humans like lyme disease |
| Class Crustacea | common aquatic arthropods |
| Decapods | the "ten legs" regers to the pair of pincers and gour pairs of walking legs. They have 2 main bbody regions: a cepholothorax and an abdomen. they exoskeleton is hard. |
| Baracles | marine crustaceans that secrete calcium carbonate shells where they live. |
| Copepods | small but they like the krill they play a big rold in the food chains of marine and freshwater communities |
| Isopods | small marine crustaceans and some species are numerous at the bottom of the deep oceans |
| Class Insecta | major roles in terrestrial environments |
| Ability to Fly | most species have their wings in adulthood and the animal that has the ability to fl can escape prefators find food and mates. also disperse into new habitats fast |
| Feeding Habits | some insects use mandibles to handle, bit and chew food. others have mouthparts that are fused together into a sucking tube |
| Metamorphosis | a process in which their body form changes from sexually immature to mature stage. once a complete adule they no longer grow. |
| what are the 4 orders of insecta? | Coleptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera |
| info on coleoptera | Beetles, 500,000. Two pairs of wings front and back the from pair is chitinous and shields the back pair when the insenct is not flying |
| info on Lepidoptera | Moths, Butterflies, 140,000, two pairs of wings covered with tiny scales |
| info on diptera | flies, mosquitoes, 120,000, one pair of transparent wings |
| info on Hymenoptera | Ants, bees, and wasps, 100,000, two pairs of membranous wings, abdomen of most females have stringing organ and mant species live in social colonies |
| Porifera Nervous system, Reporduction, Digestive tract, circluatory system and gas exchange | None, Sexually/Asexually, Ameobocytes, diffusion |
| Cnidaria nervous system, reporduction, digestive tract, circulatory system, gas exchange | Nerve Net, sexually/asexually. Gastrovacular Cavity, Diffusion |
| Platyhelmethes Nerve system, reporduction, digestive tract, circ system and gas exchange | Primitive brain with nerve tissues, sexually/asexually. Gastrovacular cavity, |
| Nematoda nerve system, reporduction, digestive tract, circ system, gas exchange | Central brain, nerve chords extending front and back, sexually, complete digestive, no circ, diffusion |
| Annelids nerve system, reporduction, digestive tract, circ system, gas exchange | Gangila in each segment that are connected to never chords and than to cerebral brain, sexually, complete digestive tract, closed circ system, diffusion |
| Molluska Nerve system, reporduction, digestive tract, circ system, gas exchange | nerve ring around the esophogus, nerve chord, sexually, complete digestive tract, open circ system, gills |
| Arthropida, nervous system, reporduction, digestive tract, circ system, gas exchange | gangila in head and nevre chord and in other segemnts nerve chord, sexually, complete digestive tract, open circ system, breath through gills, (terrestrial tarachae tubes, spiders book lungs), |
| Echinoderms nerve system, reporduction, digestive tract, circ system, gas exchange | nerve ring and nerve chords that radiat to each arm, sexually, complete digestive tract, open-fluid in body cavity, water vascular systen |
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